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Bulimia nervosa

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S3-Leitlinie Diagnostik und Behandlung der Essstörungen

Zusammenfassung

Kernmerkmal der BN ist ein übermäßiger Verzehr von Nahrungsmitteln im Sinne von regelmäßig wiederkehrenden Essanfällen. Unter einem Essanfall wird der Verzehr von ungewöhnlich großen Nahrungsmengen in einer bestimmten Zeitspanne verstanden (z. B. innerhalb eines Zeitraums von 2 Stunden). Dabei handelt es sich häufig um leicht verfügbare kalorienreiche Nahrungsmittel, die bei der regulären Ernährung meistens vermieden werden (z. B. Süßigkeiten). An einer BN leidende Personen berichten des Weiteren, dass sie sich den Essanfällen gegenüber ausgeliefert fühlen bzw. dass sie keine Kontrolle darüber haben, wie viel und was sie essen. Selbst bei einem starken Völlegefühl ist es ihnen nicht möglich, mit dem Essen aufzuhören. Allerdings können Essanfälle auch aktiv beendet und später fortgesetzt werden (z. B. bei überraschendem Besuch von Freunden oder unerwarteter Rückkehr von Mitbewohnerinnen). Darüber hinaus kann es vorkommen, dass die an einer BN erkrankten Personen Essanfälle gezielt planen (z. B. vorsorglich einkaufen, um abends nach der Rückkehr von der Arbeit genügend Nahrungsmittel für einen Essanfall zu haben).

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Notes

  1. 1.

    Abgesehen von den Erst- und Letztautorinnen erfolgte die Reihung der Co-Autoren alphabetisch. Es wird ausschließlich die weibliche Form verwandt, da wir die gleichzeitige Nennung der weiblichen und männlichen Form von Patient wenig leserfreundlich finden und die Patienten dieser Zielgruppe mehrheitlich weiblich sind. Mitgemeint sind selbstverständlich auch männliche Patienten. In allen anderen Fällen wird dagegen ausschließlich die männliche Form verwandt (z. B. Therapeut, Diagnostiker), wobei auch in diesen Fällen bei Geschlechter gemeint sind.

  2. 2.

    In den Kapiteln IV. (Anorexia nervosa) und VI. (Binge-Eating-Störung) als Selbsthilfe bezeichnet.

  3. 3.

    Der Evidenzgrad entspricht einer Extrapolation von Evidenzen aus Studien im Erwachsenenbereich, die teilweise Jugendliche mit BN eingeschlossen haben, denen eine Behandlung angeboten wurde, die den Behandlungen für Erwachsene mit BN vergleichbar war.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Institut für Psychologie, Abteilung Klinische Psychologie und Psychotherapie, Tübingen, Deutschland

    Jennifer Svaldi

  2. Institut für Psychologie, Universität Osnabrück, Osnabrück, Deutschland

    Andrea Hartmann Firnkorn

  3. Klinische Psychologie und Psychotherapie in der Kinder- und Jugendpsychiatrie, Klinik für Kinder- und Jugendpsychiatrie, Psychosomatik und Psychotherapie, LWL Universitätsklinik Hamm der Ruhr-Universität Bochum, Hamm, Deutschland

    Tanja Legenbauer

  4. Abteilung Psychosomatische Medizin und Psychotherapie, Universitätsklinikum Ulm, Ulm, Deutschland

    Jörn von Wietersheim

  5. Klinik für Psychosomatik und Psychotherapie, Medizinische Hochschule Hannover, Hannover, Deutschland

    Martina de Zwaan

  6. Institut für Psychologie, Abteilung Klinische Psychologie und Psychotherapie, Freiburg, Deutschland

    Brunna Tuschen-Caffier

Authors
  1. Jennifer Svaldi
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  2. Andrea Hartmann Firnkorn
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  3. Tanja Legenbauer
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  4. Jörn von Wietersheim
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  5. Martina de Zwaan
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  6. Brunna Tuschen-Caffier
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Corresponding author

Correspondence to Jennifer Svaldi .

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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Deutsche Gesellschaft für Psychosomatische Medizin und Ärztliche Psychotherapie (DGPM), Bochum, Germany

    Stephan Herpertz

  2. Deutsche Gesellschaft für Psychiatrie und Psychotherapie, Psychosomatik und Nervenheilkunde (DGPPN), Prien a. Chiemsee, Bayern, Germany

    Manfred Fichter

  3. Deutsche Gesellschaft für Kinder- und Jugendpsychiatrie, Psychosomatik und Psychotherapie (DGKJP), Aachen, Germany

    Beate Herpertz-Dahlmann

  4. Deutsche Gesellschaft für Essstörungen (DGESS), Leipzig, Sachsen, Germany

    Anja Hilbert

  5. Deutsche Gesellschaft für Psychologie (DGPs), Freiburg im Breisgau, Baden-Württemberg, Germany

    Brunna Tuschen-Caffier

  6. Deutsche Gesellschaft für Essstörungen (DGESS), Leipzig, Sachsen, Germany

    Silja Vocks

  7. Deutsches Kollegium für Psychosomatische Medizin (DKPM), Freiburg im Breisgau, Baden-Württemberg, Germany

    Almut Zeeck

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Svaldi, J., Hartmann Firnkorn, A., Legenbauer, T., von Wietersheim, J., de Zwaan, M., Tuschen-Caffier, B. (2019). Bulimia nervosa. In: Herpertz, S., et al. S3-Leitlinie Diagnostik und Behandlung der Essstörungen. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-59606-7_5

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-59606-7_5

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