Skip to main content

Angststörungen

  • Chapter
  • First Online:
Book cover Psychoneurowissenschaften
  • 10k Accesses

Zusammenfassung

Das Kapitel beleuchtet „die Angst“ als ein Kontinuum vom normalpsychologischen und funktionalen Phänomen bis hin zum pathologischen Zustand, der in Form kategorialer Angststörungen zu einer ausgeprägten psychosozialen Beeinträchtigung der Betroffenen führt. Neben der störungsspezifischen Symptomatik, wichtigen epidemiologischen Eckdaten und den gegenwärtigen Behandlungsoptionen der Angststörungen werden vor allem die psychologischen und biologischen Grundlagen bzw. Korrelate dieser Erkrankungsgruppe sowie die Rolle von Stress als wichtigem symptomauslösenden und -aufrechterhaltenden Faktor dargestellt. Hierdurch sollen ein Überblick über das multifaktorielle Bedingungsgefüge in der Entstehung krankheitswertiger Angst ermöglicht und insbesondere die wechselseitigen Beziehungen zwischen den einzelnen Aspekten verdeutlicht werden.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Chapter
USD 29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD 34.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as EPUB and PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Hardcover Book
USD 44.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Durable hardcover edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

Literatur

  • American Psychiatric Association (2013) Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders, 5. Aufl. American Psychiatric Association, Arlington

    Book  Google Scholar 

  • Askew C, Field AP (2007) Vicarious learning and the development of fears in childhood. Behav Res Ther 45:2616–2627

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Asmundson GJ, Fetzner MG, Deboer LB et al (2013) Let’s get physical: a contemporary review of the anxiolytic effects of exercise for anxiety and its disorders. Depress Anxiety 30:362–373

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Bandelow B (1995) Assessing the efficacy of treatments for panic disorder and agoraphobia. II. The panic and agoraphobia scale. Int Clin Psychopharmacol 10:73–81

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Bandelow B, Wiltink J, Alpers GW et al. (2014) Deutsche S3-Leitlinie Behandlung von Angststörungen. www.awmf.org/leitlinien.htm

  • Bandelow B, Baldwin D, Abelli M et al (2016) Biological markers for anxiety disorders, OCD and PTSD – a consensus statement. Part I: Neuroimaging and genetics. World J Biol Psychiatry 17:321–365

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Bastiaansen JA, Servaas MN, Marsman JB et al (2014) Filling the gap: relationship between the serotonin-transporter-linked polymorphic region and amygdala activation. Psychol Sci 25:2058–2066

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Beck AT (1985) Theoretical perspectives on clinical anxiety. In: Tuma AH, Maser J (Hrsg) Anxiety and the anxiety disorders. Erlbaum, Hillsdale, S 183–196

    Google Scholar 

  • Beck JG, Carmin CN, Henninger NJ (1998) The utility of the fear survey schedule-III: an extended replication. J Anxiety Disord 12:177–182

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Behar E, DiMarco ID, Hekler EB et al (2009) Current theoretical models of generalized anxiety disorder (GAD): conceptual review and treatment implications. J Anxiety Disord 23:1011–1023

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Beutel ME, Scheurich V, Knebel A et al (2013) Implementing panic-focused psychodynamic therapy into clinical practice. Can J Psychiatry 58:326–334

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Bienvenu OJ, Onyike CU, Stein MB et al (2006) Agoraphobia in adults: incidence and longitudinal relationship with panic. Br J Psychiatry 188:432–438

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Blaya C, Salum GA, Moorjani P et al (2010) Panic disorder and serotonergic genes (SLC6A4, HTR1A and HTR2A): association and interaction with childhood trauma and parenting. Neurosci Lett 485:11–15

    Google Scholar 

  • Chelli B, Pini S, Abelli M et al (2008) Platelet 18 kDa translocator protein density is reduced in depressed patients with adult separation anxiety. Eur Neuropsychopharmacol 18:249–254

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Clark DM, Wells A (1995) A cognitive model of social phobia. In: Heimberg RG, Liebowitz MR, Hope DA, Schneider FR (Hrsg) Social phobia: diagnosis, assessment, treatment. Guildford, New York, S 69–93

    Google Scholar 

  • Cuijpers P, Sijbrandij M, Koole SL et al (2014) Adding psychotherapy to antidepressant medication in depression and anxiety disorders: a meta-analysis. World Psychiatry 13(1):56–67

    Article  PubMed Central  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Cyranowski JM, Shear M, Rucci P et al (2002) Adult separation anxiety: psychometric properties of a new structured clinical interview. J Psychiatr Res 36:77–86

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • De Cagna F, Fusar-Poli L, Damiani S et al (2019) The role of intranasal oxytocin in anxiety and depressive disorders: A systematic review of randomized controlled trials. Clin Psychopharmacol Neurosci 17:1–11

    Article  PubMed Central  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Dilling H, Mombour W, Schmidt MH et al (2015) Internationale Klassifikation psychischer Störungen: ICD-10 Kapitel V (F) klinisch-diagnostische Leitlinien, 10. Aufl. Hogrefe, Bern

    Google Scholar 

  • Domschke K, Tidow N, Kuithan H et al (2012) Monoamine oxidase A gene DNA hypomethylation – a risk factor for panic disorder? Int J Neuropsychopharmacol 15:1217–1228

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Domschke K, Tidow N, Schrempf M et al (2013) Epigenetic signature of panic disorder: a role of glutamate decarboxylase 1 (GAD1) DNA hypomethylation? Prog Neuropsychopharmacol Biol Psychiatry 46:189–196

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Ehlers A, Margraf J (1989) The psychophysiological model of panic attacks. In: Emmelkamp PMG, Everaerd WTAM, Kraaimaat F, van Son MJM (Hrsg) Fresh perspectives on anxiety disorders. Swets Zeitlinger, Amsterdam, S 1

    Google Scholar 

  • Erhardt A, Akula N, Schumacher J et al (2012) Replication and meta-analysis of TMEM132D gene variants in panic disorder. Transl Psychiatry 2:e156

    Article  CAS  PubMed Central  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Fanselow MS (2018) The role of learning in threat Imminence and defensive behaviors. Curr Opin Behav Sci 24:44–49

    Article  PubMed Central  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Farb DH, Ratner MH (2014) Targeting the modulation of neural circuitry for the treatment of anxiety disorders. Pharmacol Rev 66:1002–1032

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Galvao-de Almeida A, Araujo Filho GM, Berberian Ade A et al (2013) The impacts of cognitive-behavioral therapy on the treatment of phobic disorders measured by functional neuroimaging techniques: a systematic review. Rev Bras Psiquiatr 35:279–283

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Garcia R (2017) Neurobiology of fear and specific phobias. Learn Mem 16::462–471

    Google Scholar 

  • Gottschalk MG, Domschke K (2017) Genetics of generalized anxiety disorder and related traits. Dialogues Clin Neurosci 19:159–168

    PubMed Central  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Graeff FG, Zangrossi H Jr (2010) The dual role of serotonin in defense and the mode of action of antidepressants on generalized anxiety and panic disorders. Cent Nerv Syst Agents Med Chem 10:207–217

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Hamm AO (2017) Spezifische Phobien. Psych up2date 3:223–236

    Google Scholar 

  • Harro J (2018) Animals, anxiety, and anxiety disorders: how to measure anxiety in rodents and why. Behav Brain Res 352:81–93

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Hayes-Skelton SA, Roemer L, Orsillo SM (2013) A randomized clinical trial comparing an acceptance-based behavior therapy to applied relaxation for generalized anxiety disorder. J Consult Clin Psychol 81:761–773

    Article  PubMed Central  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Heimberg RG, Horner KJ, Juster HR et al (1999) Psychometric properties of the liebowitz social anxiety scale. Psychol Med 29:199–212

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Holzschneider K, Mulert C (2012) Neuroimaging in anxiety disorders. Dialogues Clin Neurosci 13:453–461

    Google Scholar 

  • Howe AS, Buttenschøn HN, Bani-Fatemi A et al (2016) Candidate genes in panic disorder: meta-analyses of 23 common variants in major anxiogenic pathways. Mol Psychiatry 21:665–679

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Irle E, Ruhleder M, Lange C et al (2010) Reduced amygdalar and hippocampal size in adults with generalized social phobia. J Psychiatry Neurosci 35:126–131

    Article  PubMed Central  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Jacobi F, Höfler M, Siegert J et al (2014) Twelve-month prevalence, comorbidity and correlates of mental disorders in Germany: the mental health module of the German health interview and examination survey for adults (DEGS1-MH). Int J Methods Psychiatr Res 23:304–319

    Article  PubMed Central  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Kaczkurkin AN, Foa EB (2015) Cognitive-behavioral therapy for anxiety disorders: an update on the empirical evidence. Dialogues Clin Neurosci 17:337–346

    PubMed Central  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Kandel ER, Hawkins RD (1992) Molekulare Grundlagen des Lernens. Spektrum der Wissenschaft 11:66–76

    Google Scholar 

  • Katzman MA, Bleau P, Blier P et al. (2014) Canadian clinical practice guidelines for the management of anxiety, posttraumatic stress and obsessive-compulsive disorders. BMC Psychiatry 14(1):S1

    Google Scholar 

  • Keefe JR, McCarthy KS, Dinger U et al (2014) A meta-analytic review of psychodynamic therapies for anxiety disorders. Clin Psychol Rev 34:309–323

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Kogan CS, Stein DJ, Maj M et al (2016) The classification of anxiety and fear-related disorders in the ICD-11. Depress Anxiety 33:1141–1154

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Lahat A, Hong M, Fox NA (2011) Behavioural inhibition: is it a risk factor for anxiety? Int Rev Psychiatry 23:248–257

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Lakshmi J, Sudhir PM, Sharma MP et al (2016) Effectiveness of metacognitive therapy in patients with social anxiety disorder: a pilot investigation. Indian J Psychol Med 38:466–471

    Article  PubMed Central  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Lai CH (2011) Gray matter deficits in panic disorder: a pilot study of meta-analysis. J Clin Psychopharmacol 31:287–293

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Lang T, Helbig-Lang S, Westphal D et al (2012) Expositionsbasierte Therapie der Panikstörung mit Agoraphobie. Ein Behandlungsmanual. Hogrefe, Göttingen

    Google Scholar 

  • Leichsenring F, Salzer S, Jaeger U et al (2009) Short-term psychodynamic psychotherapy and cognitive-behavioral therapy in generalized anxiety disorder: a randomized, controlled trial. Am J Psychiatry 166:875–881

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Leichsenring F, Salzer S, Beutel ME et al (2013) Psychodynamic therapy and cognitive-behavioral therapy in social anxiety disorder: a multicenter randomized controlled trial. Am J Psychiatry 170:759–767

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Lissek S, Powers AS, McClure EB et al (2005) Classical fear conditioning in the anxiety disorders: a meta-analysis. Behav Res Ther 43:1391–1424

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Lueken U, Zierhut KC, Hahn T et al (2016) Neurobiological markers predicting treatment response in anxiety disorders: a systematic review and implications for clinical application. Neurosci Biobehav Rev 66:143–162

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Maron E, Kuikka JT, Shlik J et al (2004) Reduced brain serotonin transporter binding in patients with panic disorder. Psychiatry Res 132:173–181

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Maron E, Nutt D, Shlik J (2012) Neuroimaging of serotonin system in anxiety disorders. Curr Pharm Des 18:5699–5708

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Merikangas KR, Swanson SA (2010) Comorbidity in anxiety disorders. Curr Top Behav Neurosci 2:37–59

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Meyer TJ, Miller ML, Metzger RL et al (1990) Development and validation of the Penn State Worry Questionnaire. Behav Res Ther 28:487–495

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Mowrer OH (1960) Learning theory and behavior. Wiley, New York

    Book  Google Scholar 

  • Nagel M, Jansen PR, Stringer S et al (2018) Meta-analysis of genome-wide association studies for neuroticism in 449,484 individuals identifies novel genetic loci and pathways. Nat Genet 50:920–927

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Nash JR, Sargent PA, Rabiner EA et al (2008) Serotonin 5-HT1A receptor binding in people with panic disorder: positron emission tomography study. Br J Psychiatry 193:229–234

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Öhman A, Mineka S (2001) Fears, phobias, and preparedness: toward an evolved module of fear and fear learning. Psychol Rev 108:483–522

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Öst LG, Thulin U, Ramnero J (2004) Cognitive behavior therapy vs exposure in vivo in the treatment of panic disorder with agoraphobia (corrected from agrophobia). Behav Res Ther 42:1105–1127

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Offidani E, Guidi J, Tomba E et al (2013) Efficacy and tolerability of benzodiazepines versus antidepressants in anxiety disorders: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Psychother Psychosom 82:355–362

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Pavlov IP (1927) Conditional reflexes: an investigation of the physiological activity of the cerebral cortex. Oxford University Press, Oxford

    Google Scholar 

  • Perna G, Alciati A, Riva A et al (2016) Long-term pharmacological treatments of anxiety disorders: an updated systematic review. Curr Psychiatry Rep 18:23

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Peterson A, Thome J, Frewen P et al (2014) Resting-state neuroimaging studies: a new way of identifying differences and similarities among the anxiety disorders? Can J Psychiatry 59(6):294–300

    Article  PubMed Central  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Phan KL, Coccaro EF, Angstadt M et al (2013) Corticolimbic brain reactivity to social signals of threat before and after sertraline treatment in generalized social phobia. Biol Psychiatry 73:329–336

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Plag J, Ströhle A (2012) Pharmakotherapie der Angststörungen. In: Gründer G, Benkert O (Hrsg) Handbuch der psychiatrischen Pharmakotherapie, 2. Aufl. Springer, Heidelberg

    Google Scholar 

  • Plag J, Hoyer J (2019) Die generalisierte Angststörung – ein update. Psych up2date 13:243–260

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Plag J, Siegmund A, Ströhle A (2012) Neue Ansätze in der Angstbehandlung. In: Rupprecht R, Kellner M (Hrsg) Angststörungen. Klinik, Forschung, Therapie. Kohlhammer, Stuttgart

    Google Scholar 

  • Plag J, Schumacher S, Schmid U et al (2013) Baseline and acute changes in the HPA system in patients with anxiety disorders: current state of research. Neuropsychiatry 3(1–18):1

    Google Scholar 

  • Reiss S, McNally RJ (1985) Expectancy model of fear. In: Reiss S, Bootzin RR (Hrsg) Theoretical issues in behavior therapy. Academic, New York, S 107–121

    Google Scholar 

  • Sanchez-Meca J, Rosa-Alcazar AI, Marın-Martınez F et al (2010) Psychological treatment of panic disorder with or without agoraphobia: a meta-analysis. Clin Psychol Rev 30:37–50

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Schiele MA, Domschke K (2018) Epigenetics at the crossroads between genes, environment and resilience in anxiety disorders. Genes Brain Behav 17:e12423

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Seligman MEP (1971) Phobias and preparedness. Behav Ther 2:307–320

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Shimada-Sugimoto M, Otowa T, Hettema JM (2015) Genetics of anxiety disorders: genetic epidemiological and molecular studies in humans. Psychiatry Clin Neurosci 69:388–401

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Skinner BF (1938) The behavior of organisms: an experimental analysis. Appleton-Century, Oxford

    Google Scholar 

  • Smoller JW (2016) The genetics of stress-related disorders: PTSD, depression, and anxiety disorders. Neuropsychopharmacology 41:297–319

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Spindelegger C, Lanzenberger R, Wadsak W et al (2009) Influence of escitalopram treatment on 5-HAT 1A receptor binding in limbic regions in patients with anxiety disorders. Mol Psychiatry 14:1040–1050

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Stein MB, Chen CY, Jain S et al (2017) Genetic risk variants for social anxiety. Am J Med Genet B Neuropsychiatr Genet 174:120–131

    Article  CAS  PubMed Central  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Steinhausen HC (2010) Fragebogen zur Erfassung des Elektiven Mutismus (FEM). In: Steinhausen HC (Hrsg) Psychische Störungen bei Kindern und Jugendlichen, 7. Aufl. Elsevier, München, S 558–560

    Google Scholar 

  • Ströhle A, Romeo E, di Michele F et al (2002) GABA(A) receptor-modulating neuroactive steroid composition in patients with panic disorder before and during paroxetine treatment. Am J Psychiatry 159:145–147

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Ströhle A, Feller C, Strasburger CJ et al (2006) Anxiety modulation by the heart? Aerobic exercise and atrial natriuretic peptide. Psychoneuroendocrinology 31:1127–1130

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Stubbs B, Vancampfort D, Rosenbaum S et al (2017) An examination of the anxiolytic effects of exercise for people with anxiety and stress-related disorders: a meta-analysis. Psychiatry Res 249:102–108

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Thorndike EL (1911) Animal intelligence. Experimental studies. Macmillan, New York

    Book  Google Scholar 

  • van der Heiden C, Muris P, Van der Molen HT (2012) Randomized controlled trial on the effectiveness of metacognitive therapy and tolerance-of-uncertainty therapy for generalized anxiety disorder. Behav Res Ther 50:100–109

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • van der Wee NJ, van Veen JF, Stevens H et al (2008) Increased serotonin and dopamine transporter binding in psychotropic medication naive patients with generalized social anxiety disorder shown by 123I-beta-(4-iodophenyl)-tropane SPECT. J Nucl Med 49:757–763

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • van Houtem CM, Laine ML, Boomsma DI et al (2013) A review and meta-analysis of the heritability of specific phobia subtypes and corresponding fears. J Anxiety Disord 27:379–388

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Webb BT, Guo AY, Maher BS et al (2012) Meta-analyses of genome-wide linkage scans of anxiety-related phenotypes. Eur J Hum Genet 20:1078–1084

    Article  CAS  PubMed Central  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Wells A, Welford M, King P et al (2010) A pilot randomized trial of metacognitive therapy vs applied relaxation in the treatment of adults with generalized anxiety disorder. Behav Res Ther 48:429–434

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Wells A (2011) Metakognitive Therapie bei Angststörungen und Depression. Beltz, Weinheim

    Google Scholar 

  • Yeganeh R, Beidel DC, Turner SM et al (2003) Clinical distinctions between selective mutism and social phobia: an investigation of childhood psychopathology. J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry 42:1069–1075

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Ziegler C, Dannlowski U, Bräuer D et al (2015) Oxytocin receptor gene methylation: converging multilevel evidence for a role in social anxiety. Neuropsychopharmacology 40:1528–1538

    Article  CAS  PubMed Central  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Jens Plag .

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 2020 Springer-Verlag GmbH Deutschland, ein Teil von Springer Nature

About this chapter

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this chapter

Plag, J., Ströhle, A. (2020). Angststörungen. In: Roth, G., Heinz, A., Walter, H. (eds) Psychoneurowissenschaften. Springer Spektrum, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-59038-6_13

Download citation

Publish with us

Policies and ethics