Zusammenfassung
In diesem Kapitel werden die unterschiedlichen Achtsamkeitsverfahren dargestellt. Generell lässt sich zwischen statischen und dynamischen Verfahren unterscheiden. Zu den statischen Verfahren gehören verschiedene Meditationsformen, wie die kontemplative Meditation oder die Metta-Meditation, die Meditation der liebenden Güte. Auch das „Mindfulness-based stress reduction“-Programm von Jon Kabat-Zinn kann zu diesen Verfahren gezählt werden. Yoga, Tai-Chi und Qigong zählen zu den bewegungsbasierten Achtsamkeitsverfahren. Dabei gibt es zahlreiche Differenzierungen, die gerade auch das Yoga betreffen und im Rahmen dieses Buches nicht alle erwähnt werden können. Ergänzt wird dieses Kapitel noch durch einen Exkurs über die Komponente des Selbstmitgefühls. Sowohl die stillen als auch bewegungsbasierten Achtsamkeitsverfahren können von Kindern und Erwachsenen praktiziert werden. Mittlerweile gibt es zahlreiche Studien, die die Wirksamkeit der Verfahren für unterschiedliche Gruppen und unterschiedliche Settings untersucht und positive Effekte gezeigt haben, wobei in allen Studien der Ruf nach weiteren umfassenderen Studien deutlich wird.
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Jansen, P., Seidl, F., Richter, S. (2019). Achtsamkeitsverfahren. In: Achtsamkeit im Sport. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-57854-4_3
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