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Experimental Methods of HAS Surface Phonon Spectroscopy

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Atomic Scale Dynamics at Surfaces

Part of the book series: Springer Series in Surface Sciences ((SSSUR,volume 63))

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Abstract

Helium Atom Scattering (HAS) and Electron Energy Loss Spectroscopy (EELS) are the major experimental surface scattering techniques which have provided during the last decades information on the energies and dispersion curves of surface phonons. The projectiles, either a He atom or an electron are inelastically diffracted in a coherent fashion from the phonon wave oscillations at the surface of the target. In this chapter the kinematics, the intensities, the apparatus and the resolution of HAS experiments are discussed in detail, with quantitative comparisons with EELS experiments.

These experiments are of interest not only because of their confirmation of the predictions of quantum mechanics, but also because they introduce the possibility of applying atom diffraction to investigations of the atomic constitution of surfaces. A beam of atomic hydrogen, for example, … has a range of wavelengths of the right magnitude … centering around 1 Å, and a complete absence of penetration of these waves will ensure that the effects observed arise entirely from the outermost atomic layer.

(T. H. Johnson, Phys. Rev. 37 (1931) 847, about diffraction of H, H2 and He from LiF)

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Università di Milano-Bicocca, Milan, Italy

    Prof. Giorgio Benedek

  2. Max Planck Institute for Dynamics and Self-Organization, Göttingen, Germany

    Prof. Dr. Jan Peter Toennies

  3. Donostia International Physics Center, Donostia/San Sebastian, Spain

    Prof. Giorgio Benedek

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Benedek, G., Toennies, J.P. (2018). Experimental Methods of HAS Surface Phonon Spectroscopy. In: Atomic Scale Dynamics at Surfaces. Springer Series in Surface Sciences, vol 63. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-56443-1_9

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