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Dedifferentiation and Adipose Tissue

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Book cover Cellular Dedifferentiation and Regenerative Medicine

Abstract

The attempt of adipocyte dedifferentiation is not for fat tissue repair or regeneration, since few would like too much fat tissue in their body. Attention has been long attracted by white adipose tissue because of its reversible and great capacity for expansion, which appears to be permanent throughout adult life. Adipose tissue enlargement is the result of adipocyte hypertrophy and the recruitment and differentiation of regenerative precursors that are situated in the stromal vascular fraction. The capillary network’s development, however, is also required to guarantee adipose tissue remodeling. Indeed, a decisive link exists between the capillary network and adipose cells. Endothelial cells and adipocytes own a common progenitor. Such adipose lineage cells take part in vascular-like structure and enhance the neovascularization reaction in ischemic tissue. Adipocytes are ideal cell type for mesoderm-derived tissue repair and regeneration. The dedifferentiated fat cells have the ability to redifferentiate into osteoblasts, chondrocytes, smooth muscle cells, and neurons. Besides, the dedifferentiated fat cells show the advantages of easy accessibility, which could be a wonderful substitute of mesenchymal stem cells. The author has summarized relevant knowledges of dedifferentiated fat cells’ gene expression, underlying signaling mechanism and multilineage differentiation potentials. The application of these potentials could shed light on osteogenesis, chondrogenesis, angiogenesis, and neurogenesis.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Key Laboratory of Wound Repair and Regeneration of PLA, The First Hospital Affiliated to the PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China

    Xiaobing Fu

  2. Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China

    Andong Zhao

  3. School of Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin, China

    Tian Hu

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  1. Xiaobing Fu
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  2. Andong Zhao
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Fu, X., Zhao, A., Hu, T. (2018). Dedifferentiation and Adipose Tissue. In: Cellular Dedifferentiation and Regenerative Medicine. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-56179-9_9

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-56179-9_9

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