Zusammenfassung
Als jugendlicher Schüler hatte [der spätere Nobelpreisträger, Anm. d. Ü.] John Gurdon seine liebe Mühe mit den Naturwissenschaften. In Tests bekam er miserable Noten und schnitt mindestens einmal als Schlechtester seiner Klasse ab. Ein Lehrer vermerkte in seinem Zeugnis: „Ich glaube, er träumt davon, Naturwissenschaftler zu werden; angesichts seiner derzeitigen Leistungen ist das ausgesprochen lächerlich“ (Collins 2012). Doch er ließ sich nicht beirren. Nur zehn Jahre später wurde Gurdon, inzwischen Doktorand, von Michael Fischberg, seinem Doktorvater in Oxford, mit einem schwierigen, aber aufregenden Projekt betraut. Er sollte Tiere, insbesondere Frösche, klonen, um herauszufinden, was im Laufe der Entwicklung mit Genen passiert. Die konkrete Aufgabe bestand darin, Zellkerne einer normalen, differenzierten Zelle in eine Eizelle zu übertragen, deren Zellkern zuvor entfernt worden war. Würde sich die neue hybride Eizelle ganz normal zu einem Klon entwickeln? Frühere Arbeiten von renommierten Professoren waren in dieser Hinsicht nicht sehr ermutigend gewesen. Die Forscher, die sich darin versucht hatten, hatten zwar den flüchtigen Eindruck gewonnen, dass es funktionieren könnte, waren aber letztlich gescheitert. Als es Gurdon schließlich gelang, zeigte er sich von der gelungenen Demonstration, Tiere klonen zu können, selbst überrascht (Gurdon 1962; Cambridge University 2012). Die Welt sollte nie wieder ganz dieselbe sein.
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