Zusammenfassung
Die Histomorphologie kennt seit langem «flache» Veränderungen des Urothels, die unter den Standardbedingungen der Zystoskopie (Weißlichtendoskopie) in einem gewissen Ausmaß der makroskopischen Entdeckung entgehen. Rezent wird deutlich, dass die Technik der Fluoreszenzendoskopie zu einer höheren Rate der Detektion dieser «flachen» Veränderungen führt (Zaak et al. 2002). Hier handelt sich um eine Methode, bei der sog. Photosensitizer oder deren Vorläufersubstanzen (z. B. 5-Aminolävulinsäure oder deren Esterderivate) in die Harnblase instilliert werden und innerhalb des Urothels zu einer selektiven Rotfluoreszenz von Tumoren wie auch von flachen Urothelregionen unter Blaulichtanregung führen (Zaak et al. 2005; Knüchel et al. 2003). Die Läsionen treten einzeln oder multifokal auf, werden aber auch im Kontext von manifesten Tumoren und Entzündungen in der Harnblase gefunden.
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Knüchel-Clarke, R., Lindemann-Docter, K. (2018). Morphologische und molekulare Charakteristika flacher Urothelveränderungen. In: Rathert, P., Roth, S., Hakenberg, O., Neuendorf, J. (eds) Urinzytologie und Sedimentanalyse. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-55660-3_4
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