Abstract
Art 16 sets out how the consent of a State to be bound by ratification, acceptance, approval or accession is completed on the international plane. It thereby fixes the critical date as of which contractual relations with the other States are established. However, by enumerating the exchange between the contracting States, the deposit with the depositary or the notification to the contracting States or to the depositary as three different possibilities, it again underlines the flexibility of the Convention with respect to treaty making.
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Notes
- 1.
Art CXXI General Treaty reads: “The present Treaty shall be ratified and the ratifications exchanged within six months.”
- 2.
See generally on the negotiations of this treaty Baumgart (1972).
- 3.
Basdevant (1926), pp. 585–586.
- 4.
Wilcox (1935), p. 37.
- 5.
ICJ Right of Passage (Preliminary Objections) [1957] ICJ Rep 125, 146.
- 6.
[1962-II] YbILC 174.
- 7.
Final Draft, Text of Art 13, 201.
- 8.
Final Draft, Commentary to Art 13, 201, paras 1–4.
- 9.
Horchani and Ben Hammadi (2011), Art 16 MN 4.
- 10.
Aust (2013), p. 97.
- 11.
Jones (1946), pp. 61–62.
- 12.
Blix (1960), p. 53.
- 13.
ICJ Arbitral Award (Honduras v Nicaragua) [1960] ICJ Rep 192, 208.
- 14.
Bastid (1985), p. 44.
- 15.
ICJ Boundary between Cameroon and Nigeria (Preliminary Objections) [1998] ICJ Rep 275, para 31.
- 16.
Horchani and Ben Hammadi (2011), Art 16 MN 23.
- 17.
1999 Summary of Practice of the Secretary-General as Depositary of Multilateral Treaties, UN Doc ST/LEG/7/Rev.1, para 157.
- 18.
1999 Summary of Practice of the Secretary-General as Depositary of Multilateral Treaties, UN Doc ST/LEG/7/Rev.1, para 158.
- 19.
Aust (2013), p. 97.
- 20.
Dissenting Horchani and Ben Hammadi (2011), Art 16 MN 31.
- 21.
Horchani and Ben Hammadi (2011), Art 16 MN 32.
References
Aust A (2013) Modern Treaty Law and Practice, 3rd edn. CUP, Cambridge
Basdevant J (1926) La conclusion et la rédaction des traités et des instruments diplomatiques autres que les traités. RdC 15:539–642
Bastid S (1985) Les traités dans la vie internationale – conclusion et effets. Economica, Paris
Baumgart W (1972) Der Friede von Paris 1856. Oldenbourg, München
Blix H (1960) Treaty-Making Power. Stevens, London
Horchani F, Ben Hammadi Y (2011) Article 16. In: Corten O, Klein P (eds) The Vienna Conventions on the Law of Treaties. OUP, Oxford, pp 334–356
Jones JM (1946) Full Powers and Ratification. A Study in the Development of Treaty-Making Procedure. CUP, Cambridge
Wilcox FO (1935) The Ratification of International Conventions. Allen & Unwin, London
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Hoffmeister, F. (2018). Article 16. In: Dörr, O., Schmalenbach, K. (eds) Vienna Convention on the Law of Treaties. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-55160-8_18
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