Abstract
In this chapter discusses SN 1987A, the best-studied supernova of all time. There is a strong suspicion that a binary system underwent a merger, yielding the blue-supergiant supernova progenitor and the remarkable triple-ring system in the circumstellar environment with which the ejecta interact. The unique detection of neutrinos confirmed the basic model of core collapse. The compact object left behind probably is a neutron star, but there has been no direct evidence for it since the neutrino signal faded about 20 s after core collapse. The first optical observations were mere hours after shock breakout. The light curve now extends to 30 years in every band from radio to gamma-ray. SN 1987A also confirmed our basic understanding of the role of radioactive decay in powering the light curve through stages of nickel-56, cobalt-56, and titanium-44. The spectral evolution spans the ultraviolet through the far-infrared. Gamma-ray, X-ray, and submillimeter bands provided key spectra. Observations have revealed the formation of dust and molecules. There is ample evidence for asymmetries induced by the explosion and by instabilities in the subsequent expansion. Speckle observations and spectropolarimetry showed that the ejecta were globally asymmetric, although high-spatial-resolution observations of the innermost regions do not reveal any obvious similar effects.
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Notes
- 1.
Motivated mainly by a possible detection of a burst of five neutrinos almost 5 h prior to the main burst (Aglietta et al. 1987), a minority school of thought maintains that the neutrinos came in several bursts, possibly owing to a two-stage collapse of the core (de Rújula 1987; Imshennik and Ryazhskaya 2004).
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Branch, D., Wheeler, J.C. (2017). Supernova 1987A. In: Supernova Explosions. Astronomy and Astrophysics Library. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-55054-0_11
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