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The Effects of Vehicle Mixtures on Transdermal Absorption: Thermodynamics, Mechanisms, Assessment, and Prediction

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Percutaneous Penetration Enhancers Drug Penetration Into/Through the Skin

Abstract

In industrial settings, dermal exposure to toxic substances usually occurs with the substance carried in a liquid mixture. The mixture may contain solvents used in extraction processes, reaction by-products, wetting agents, surfactants, etc. For pharmaceutical applications, a dosing vehicle is used to stabilize the formulation and modulate absorption. In either case, the composition of the vehicle affects the thermodynamic and transport properties of the penetrant. The ability to predict the effect of vehicle composition on the relevant properties of the penetrant and model exposure to the penetrant would be valuable for evaluating risk in toxic exposure or maximizing the therapeutic value in pharmaceutical applications. This chapter exhibits some of the most recent works in the modeling and prediction of skin permeability from complex vehicle mixtures.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Biomathematics, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, USA

    Jason T. Chittenden

  2. Pharsight Corporation, 5520 Dillard Drive, suite 260, Cary, NC, 27518, USA

    Jason T. Chittenden

  3. Coles 207, Department of Anatomy and Physiology, Institute of Computational Comparative Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS, 66506-5802, USA

    Jim E. Riviere DVM, PhD, DSc(hon), ATS

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Correspondence to Jason T. Chittenden .

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  1. Apoteka “Beograd”, Belgrade, Serbia

    Nina Dragicevic

  2. San Francisco, California, USA

    Howard I. Maibach

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Chittenden, J.T., Riviere, J.E. (2017). The Effects of Vehicle Mixtures on Transdermal Absorption: Thermodynamics, Mechanisms, Assessment, and Prediction. In: Dragicevic, N., I. Maibach, H. (eds) Percutaneous Penetration Enhancers Drug Penetration Into/Through the Skin. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-53270-6_6

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