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ABS Composed of Ionic Liquids and Polymers

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Book cover Ionic-Liquid-Based Aqueous Biphasic Systems

Part of the book series: Green Chemistry and Sustainable Technology ((GCST))

Abstract

Polymer–ionic liquid aqueous biphasic systems (polymer–IL ABS) can be formed by the combination of distinct pairs of polymers and ionic liquids (ILs) in aqueous media. These ABS have a series of advantages relative to the conventional polymer–polymer or polymer–salt ABS. Depending on the structural features of polymers and ILs, both species seem to display the ability to act as salting-out agents. Based on a compilation and analysis of the data hitherto reported, the main issues which govern the phase behaviour of these systems are here discussed. In this respect, the effects of the chemical structure and molecular weight of polymer and IL and temperature on the liquid–liquid equilibria are addressed. The molecular-level mechanisms behind the formation of these ABS are further highlighted and discussed based on liquid–liquid and vapour–liquid equilibria behaviour of ternary polymer–IL–water systems. It is shown that the salting-in/salting-out effects in these systems are controlled by a complex interplay of polymer–IL, polymer–water and IL–water interactions.

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Notes

  1. 1.

    In the case of polymer-salt ABS, two types of temperature dependency behaviour of binodal curves have been observed. For some polymer-salt ABS such as PPG-salts [2], PEGDME2000-(NH4)2HPO4, PEG6000-Na3Cit, PVP-Na3Cit, etc., an increase in temperature enhances the immiscibility region in the whole polymer and salt concentration range. However, for some else polymer-salt ABS, such as PEG400-Na2CO3 [2], PEG1000-Na2HPO4, PEGDME250-Na2CO3, PVP-Na2HPO4, etc., the crossing of binodal curves at different temperatures has been observed. In the polymer-rich region an increase in temperature caused the expansion of the one-phase area, while for the salt-rich region the expansion of the two-phase area occurs with an increase in temperature

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Chemistry, University of Kurdistan, Sanandaj, Iran

    Rahmat Sadeghi

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  1. Rahmat Sadeghi
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Correspondence to Rahmat Sadeghi .

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  1. CICECO – Aveiro Institute of Materials, Chemistry Department, University of Aveiro, Aveiro, Portugal

    Mara G. Freire

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Sadeghi, R. (2016). ABS Composed of Ionic Liquids and Polymers. In: Freire, M. (eds) Ionic-Liquid-Based Aqueous Biphasic Systems. Green Chemistry and Sustainable Technology. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-52875-4_4

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