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Pathogenesis of Periodontal Diseases

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A Clinician's Guide to Systemic Effects of Periodontal Diseases

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Abstract

Our understanding of the pathogenesis of periodontal diseases has greatly progressed over the past three decades. Beginning with the observation that periodontal diseases are associated with the presence of a bacterial plaque or biofilm, our understanding has evolved to the realization that specific bacterial profiles exist within dental biofilms in association with specific periodontal diseases. This understanding has in turn led to the emerging concept of immune subversion of the host by periodontal pathogens with the attendant conversion of the periodontal biofilm/host relationship from one of a symbiosis in health to a dysbiosis in disease. Currently, periodontitis is viewed as a polymicrobial, complex disease that shares several characteristics with other complex diseases including atherosclerosis, diabetes mellitus, and Alzheimer’s disease. We presently recognize that individuals vary greatly in disease susceptibility and that host genetic factors play a significant, although currently largely unspecified, role in determining disease susceptibility. Therefore, to provide an understanding of periodontal diseases for the chapters that follow, this chapter will present an overview of our current understanding of the pathogenesis of periodontal diseases with the aim of providing a conceptual framework to help address how a common oral inflammatory disease can contribute to the wide array of systemic diseases and conditions described in this book.

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Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Basic Sciences and Craniofacial Biology, New York University College of Dentistry, New York, NY, USA

    Ronald G. Craig DMD, PhD

  2. Department of Periodontology and Implant Dentistry, New York University College of Dentistry, New York, NY, USA

    Ronald G. Craig DMD, PhD

Authors
  1. Ronald G. Craig DMD, PhD
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Correspondence to Ronald G. Craig DMD, PhD .

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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Basic Sciences and Craniofacial Biology, New York University College of Dentistry, New York, New York, USA

    Ronald G. Craig

  2. New York University College of Dent, New York, New York, USA

    Angela R. Kamer

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© 2016 Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg

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Craig, R.G. (2016). Pathogenesis of Periodontal Diseases. In: Craig, R., Kamer, A. (eds) A Clinician's Guide to Systemic Effects of Periodontal Diseases. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-49699-2_2

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-49699-2_2

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  • Publisher Name: Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg

  • Print ISBN: 978-3-662-49697-8

  • Online ISBN: 978-3-662-49699-2

  • eBook Packages: MedicineMedicine (R0)

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