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Stressbewältigung und Persönlichkeit

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Handbuch Stressregulation und Sport

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Zusammenfassung

Nach einer Einführung in grundlegende Dimensionen der Stressbewältigung werden Personenmerkmale vorgestellt, die auf Bedrohungs- und Bewältigungseinschätzungen einwirken und das Stressbewältigungsverhalten beeinflussen. Im Zentrum stehen Persönlichkeitsfaktoren und Dispositionen der Stressbewältigung sowie die personalen Ressourcen Optimismus und Selbstwirksamkeit. Es wird skizziert, welche Funktionen soziale Unterstützung und Achtsamkeit in der Stressbewältigung einnehmen. Das Fazit thematisiert methodische Aspekte bei der Analyse des Zusammenhangs von Persönlichkeit und Stressbewältigung.

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Notes

  1. 1.

    Verhaltensbeobachtungen und Interviews wurden nicht berücksichtigt.

  2. 2.

    Die durchschnittlichen gewichteten Korrelationen lassen sich hinsichtlich ihrer Höhe grob in schwache (r ≈ 0,10), mittlere (r ≈ 0,30), und starke (r > 0,50) Zusammenhänge einteilen (Cohen 1988).

  3. 3.

    Zusätzlich zur Theorie wurde auch ein Fragebogen zur Diagnostik von Stressbewältigung entwickelt (Dunahoo et al. 1998; Monnier et al. 1998), der neben einigen der im vorherigen Abschnitt beschriebenen individuellen Bewältigungsstrategien (z. B. Vermeidung) auch soziale, gemeinschaftliche Bewältigungsstrategien (z. B. sich mit anderen zusammenschließen) enthält. Einen Überblick geben Schwarzer, Starke und Buchwald (2004).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Gesundheitspsychologie, Pädagogische Hochschule Schwäbisch Gmünd, Oberbettringer Str. 200, 73525, Schwäbisch Gmünd, Deutschland

    Carl-Walter Kohlmann & Heike Eschenbeck

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  1. Carl-Walter Kohlmann
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  2. Heike Eschenbeck
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Correspondence to Carl-Walter Kohlmann .

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  1. Universität Freiburg, Freiburg i.Br., Germany

    Reinhard Fuchs

  2. Universität Basel, Basel, Switzerland

    Markus Gerber

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Kohlmann, CW., Eschenbeck, H. (2018). Stressbewältigung und Persönlichkeit. In: Fuchs, R., Gerber, M. (eds) Handbuch Stressregulation und Sport. Springer Reference Psychologie . Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-49322-9_2

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