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Lern- und Gedächtnispsychologie pp 137–168Cite as

Prozessmodelle: Das Behalten von Episoden als Funktion von Enkodier- und Abrufprozessen

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Kapitel 8: Zusammenfassung

Im Gehirn kann nur gespeichert werden, was dort Spuren hinterlässt. Das episodische Gedächtnis kann also keine Ereignisse bewahren, sondern lediglich Spuren ihrer neuronalen Verarbeitung. Prozessmodelle thematisieren dementsprechend den Einfluss von Verarbeitungsprozessen auf die Gedächtnisleistung. Bei der Enkodierung von Informationen werden Prozesse, die der Individualisierung und Unterscheidung von Ereignissen dienen (Generierung itemspezifischer Informationen) von Prozessen unterschieden, die der Verknüpfung von Ereignissen dienen (Generierung relationaler Informationen). Beim Erinnern werden die Prozesse der Enkodierung reaktiviert. Dabei helfen wiederum Hinweisreize sowohl auf itemspezifische wie auf relationale Eigenschaften der zu erinnernden Ereignisse. Können Ereignisse nicht erinnert werden, sind entweder ihre Spuren zerfallen, der Zugang zu den Spuren ist blockiert, oder ihre Spuren werden nicht mehr von Spuren anderer Ereignisse unterschieden.

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    Johannes Engelkamp

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Engelkamp, J. (2017). Prozessmodelle: Das Behalten von Episoden als Funktion von Enkodier- und Abrufprozessen. In: Lern- und Gedächtnispsychologie. Springer-Lehrbuch. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-49068-6_8

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-49068-6_8

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