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Mehrspeichermodelle: Unterscheidung von Kurz- und Langzeitgedächtnis

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Lern- und Gedächtnispsychologie

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Kapitel 7: Zusammenfassung

Nach der Behaltensdauer lassen sich ein Kurzzeit- (KZG-) und ein Langzeitgedächtnis (LZG) unterscheiden. Zunächst wurde angenommen, dass im KZG eine begrenzte Menge von Reizen eine kurze Zeit gespeichert wird. In einem Arbeitsgedächtnismodell wurden diese Annahmen differenziert. Es wurde ein phonologischer und ein visuell-räumlichen Speicher unterschieden und Prozesse zum Erhalt der jeweiligen Reize in diesen Speichern spezifiziert. Grundsätzlich ging man davon aus, dass kurzzeitig nur Reize, nicht aber ihre Bedeutung gespeichert werden. Die Repräsentation von Bedeutungen blieb dem LZG vorbehalten. Es lässt sich jedoch zeigen, dass die Bedeutung der Reize auch für ihre kurzzeitige Speicherung eine wichtige Rolle spielt. Vor diesem Hintergrund scheint die Unterscheidung von zwei getrennten Speichersystemen nicht gerechtfertigt. Das kurzzeitige Bewahren von Informationen dürfte eher Resultat einer befristeten Aktivierung aktuell beachteter Inhalte des LZG sein.

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  1. Saarbrücken, Deutschland

    Johannes Engelkamp

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  1. Johannes Engelkamp
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Engelkamp, J. (2017). Mehrspeichermodelle: Unterscheidung von Kurz- und Langzeitgedächtnis. In: Lern- und Gedächtnispsychologie. Springer-Lehrbuch. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-49068-6_7

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-49068-6_7

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  • Publisher Name: Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg

  • Print ISBN: 978-3-662-49067-9

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