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Tomato Fruit Set and Its Modification Using Molecular Breeding Techniques

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Functional Genomics and Biotechnology in Solanaceae and Cucurbitaceae Crops

Part of the book series: Biotechnology in Agriculture and Forestry ((AGRICULTURE,volume 70))

Abstract

Fruit set is a developmental process involving the transition of an ovary to a fruit. The process is generally stimulated by successful pollination and fertilization and is intricately controlled by plant hormones such as auxin and gibberellin. In tomato crop production, efficient fruit set is crucial for yield, and so parthenocarpy, or fruit set without pollination and fertilization, is a valuable commercial trait. In this study, we review fundamental and practical studies of fruit set and parthenocarpy, focusing on genes related to plant hormones as well as other factors, such as MADS-box transcription factors and anther development. We also propose strategies to genetically improve fruit set efficiency in tomato using molecular breeding techniques. Recently, genes and loci of potential use for improving fruit set have been discovered; however, more diverse genetic resources, as well as improved technical procedures (e.g., strict silencing of target genes in ovarian tissues), may still be required to develop diverse varieties that stably produce high-quality fruits under various environmental conditions. Further understanding of fruit set mechanisms and identification of the genes responsible for parthenocarpy in natural varieties will provide such resources and aid in designing future approaches to improve fruit set efficiency without introducing undesirable traits in reproductive and vegetative growth.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Graduate School of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Japan

    Yoshihito Shinozaki & Kentaro Ezura

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  1. Yoshihito Shinozaki
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  2. Kentaro Ezura
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Correspondence to Yoshihito Shinozaki .

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Editors and Affiliations

  1. University of Tsukuba Faculty of Life and Environmental Sc., Tsukuba, Japan

    Hiroshi Ezura

  2. University of Tsukuba, Faculty of Life and Environmental Sciences, Tsukuba, Japan

    Tohru Ariizumi

  3. IRTA, Center for Research in Agricultural Genomics CSIC-IRTA-UAB-UB, Barcelona, Spain

    Jordi Garcia-Mas

  4. Cornell University, Plant Biology Section, School of Integrated Plant Science, Ithaca, New York, USA

    Jocelyn Rose

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Shinozaki, Y., Ezura, K. (2016). Tomato Fruit Set and Its Modification Using Molecular Breeding Techniques. In: Ezura, H., Ariizumi, T., Garcia-Mas, J., Rose, J. (eds) Functional Genomics and Biotechnology in Solanaceae and Cucurbitaceae Crops. Biotechnology in Agriculture and Forestry, vol 70. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-48535-4_7

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