Skip to main content

Of Excited States Again

  • Chapter
Photochemistry
  • 2577 Accesses

Abstract

Some generalizations about photochemistry appear too restricted at present. Multiple photon absorption/emission, photon upconversion, conversion of excited states before thermalization, and ultrafast processes are not as rare as previously thought and may have important applications.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Chapter
USD 29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD 119.00
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as EPUB and PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD 159.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info
Hardcover Book
USD 159.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Durable hardcover edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

References

  1. Parker CA, Hatchard CG (1962) Sensitized anti-Stokes delayed fluorescence. Proc Chem Soc Lond 14:386–387

    Google Scholar 

  2. McNaught AD, Wilkinson FA (1997) IUPAC. Compendium of chemical terminology, 2nd edn. Blackwell, Oxford (the “Gold Book”)

    Google Scholar 

  3. Smith MB, Michl J (2010) Singlet fission. Chem Rev 110:6891–6936

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  4. Burdett JJ, Bardeen CJ (2012) Quantum beats in crystalline tetracene delayed fluorescence due to triplet pair coherences produced by direct singlet fission. J Am Chem Soc 134:8597–8607

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  5. Burdett JJ, Piland GB, Bardeen CJ (2013) Magnetic field effects and the role of spin states in singlet fission. Chem Phys Lett 585:1–10

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  6. Piland GB, Burdett JJ, Kurunthu D, Bardeen CJ (2013) Magnetic field effects on singlet fission and fluorescence decay dynamics in amorphous rubrene. J Phys Chem C 117:1224–1236

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  7. Burdett JJ, Bardeen CJ (2013) The dynamics of singlet fission in crystalline tetracene and covalent analogs. Accounts Chem Res 46:1312–1320

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  8. Vergeer P, Vlugt TJH, Kox MHF, den Hertog MI, van der Eerden JPJM, Meijerink A (2005) Quantum cutting by cooperative energy transfer inYbxY1-xPO4:Tb3+. Phys Rev B 71:014119-1–014119-11

    Article  Google Scholar 

  9. Nozik AJ, Beard MC, Luther JM, Law M, Ellingson RJ, Johnson JC (2010) Semiconductor quantum dots and quantum dot arrays and applications of multiple exciton generation to third generation photovoltaic solar cells. Chem Rev 110:6873–6890

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  10. Zhou J, Liu Q, Feng W, Sun Y, Li F (2015) Upconversion luminescent materials: advances and applications. Chem Rev 115:395–465

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  11. Wilke BM, Castellano FN (2013) Photochemical upconversion: a physical or inorganic chemistry experiment for undergraduated using a conventional fluorimeter. J Chem Ed 90:786–789

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  12. Schmidt TW, Castellano FN (2014) Photochemical upconversion. The primacy of kinetics. J Chem Phys Lett 5:4062–4072

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  13. Göppert-Mayer M (1931) Über Elementarakte mit zwei Quantensprüngen. Ann Phys 9:273–295

    Article  Google Scholar 

  14. Makarov NS, Drobizhev M, Wicks G, Makarova EA, Lukyanets EA, Rebane A (2013) Alternative selection rules for one- and two-photon transitions in tribenzotetraazachlorin: quasi-centrosymmetrical π-conjugation pathway of formally non-centrosymmetrical molecule. J Chem Phys 138:214314/1–214314/8

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  15. Ota Y, Iwamoto S, Kumagai N, Arakawa Y (2011) Spontaneous two-photon emission from a single quantum dot. Phys Rev Lett 107:233602

    Article  Google Scholar 

  16. Islangulov RR, Castellano FN (2006) Photochemical upconversion: anthracene dimerization sensitized to visible light by a RuII chromophore. Angew Chem Int Ed 2006(45):5957–5959

    Article  Google Scholar 

  17. Schmidt R (2006) Quantitative determination of 1Σg + and 1Δg singlet oxygen in solvents of very different polarity. General energy gap law for rate constants for electronic energy transfer to and from O2 in the absence of charge transfer interactions. J Phys Chem A 110:2622–2628

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  18. Gillmore JG, Neiser JD, McManus K, Roh Y, Dombrowski GW, Brown TG, Dinnocenzo JP, Farid S, Robello DR (2005) Quantum amplified isomerization: a new concept for polymeric optical materials. Macromolecules 38:7684–7694

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  19. Kuzmanich NA, Natarajan A, Chin KK, Veerman M, Mortko CJ, Garcia-Garibay MA (2008) Solid-state photodecarbonylation of diphenylcyclopropenone: a quantum chain process made possible by ultrafast energy transfer. J Am Chem Soc 130:1140–1141

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  20. Nielsen A, Kuzmanich G, Garcia-Garibay MA (2014) Quantum chain reaction of tethered diarylcyclopropenones in the solid state and their distance dependence in solution reveal a Dexter S2-S2 energy transfer mechanism. J Phys Chem A 18:1858–1863

    Article  Google Scholar 

  21. Rosspeinter A, Lang B, Vauthey E (2013) Ultrafast photochemistry in liquids. Annu Rev Phys Chem 64:247–271

    Article  Google Scholar 

  22. Zhang XX, Würth C, Zhao L, Resch-Genger U, Ernsting NP, Sajadi M (2011) Femtosecond broadband fluorescence upconversion spectroscopy: improved setup and photometric correction. Rev Sci Instrum 82:063108

    Article  Google Scholar 

  23. Garavelli M, Celani P, Yamamoto N, Bernardi F, Robb MA, Olivucci M (1996) The structure of the nonadiabatic photochemical trans-cis isomerization channel in all-trans octatetraene. J Am Chem Soc 118:11656–11657

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  24. Gozem S, Melaccio F, Lindh R, Krylov AI, Granovsky AA, Angeli C, Olivucci M (2013) Mapping the excited state potential energy surface of a retinal chromophore model with multireference and equation-of-motion coupled-cluster method. J Chem Theor Comput 9:4495–4506

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  25. Aloise S, Ruckebusch C, Blanchet L, Rehault J, Buntinx G, Huvenne JP (2008) The benzophenone S1(nπ*) → T1(nπ*) states intersystem crossing reinvestigated by ultrafast absorption spectroscopy and multivariate curve resolution. J Phys Chem A 112:224–231

    Article  Google Scholar 

  26. Zugazagoitia S, Almora-Diaz CX, Peon J (2008) Ultrafast intersystem crossing in 1-nitronaphthalene. An experimental and computational study. J Phys Chem A 112:358–365

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  27. Yang JP, Paa W, Rentsch S (2000) Femtosecond investigations of ultrafast intersystem crossing in terthiophene by wavelength dependent excitation. Chem Phys Lett 320:665–672

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  28. Parker DSN, Minns RS, Penfold TJ, Worth GA, Fielding HH (2009) Ultrafast dynamics of the S1 excited state of benzene. Chem Phys Lett 469:43–47

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  29. Penfold TJ, Spesyvtsev R, Kirby OM, Minns RS, Parker DSN, Fielding HH, Worth GA (2012) Quantum dynamic study of the competing ultrafast intersystem crossing and internal conversion in the “channel 3” region of benzene. J Chem Phys 137:204310/1–204310/12

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  30. Sala M, Kirby OM, Guérin S, Fielding HH (2014) New insight into the potential energy landscape and relaxation pathways of photoexcited aniline from CASSCF and XMCQDPT2 electronic structure calculations. Phys Chem Chem Phys 16:3122–3133

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  31. Sun Q, Mosquera-Vazquez S, Lawson Daku LM, Guénée L, Goodwin HA, Vauthey E, Hauser A (2013) Experimental evidence of ultrafast quenching of the 3MLCT luminescence in ruthenium(II) tris-bipyridyl complexes via a 3dd state. J Am Chem Soc 135:13660–13663

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  32. Bräm O, Cannizzo A, Chergui M (2012) Ultrafast fluorescence studies of dye sensitized solar cells. Phys Chem Chem Phys 14:7934–7937

    Google Scholar 

  33. Garcia-Garibay M (2012) Advances at the frontiers of photochemical sciences. J Am Chem Soc 134:8289–8292 (Future outlooks are multiform for photochemical sciences)

    Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 2016 Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg

About this chapter

Cite this chapter

Albini, A. (2016). Of Excited States Again. In: Photochemistry. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-47977-3_7

Download citation

Publish with us

Policies and ethics