Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

Contemporary Diagnosis: MRI and MRA

  • Chapter
  • First Online:
Congenital Vascular Malformations

  • 1205 Accesses

Abstract

Historically, the diagnosis and treatment of congenital vascular malformations (CVMs) have been hampered by the complex nature of these vascular lesions, the persistence of outdated and often inconsistent terminology, as well as the absence of defined imaging protocols and therapeutic algorithms [1–5]. As vascular malformations range in severity from trivial to life-threatening, from focal to diffuse and extensive, and vary significantly with regard to composition, the ability to use a single imaging modality to distinguish between high-flow and low-flow lesions is essential when the goal is to avoid noncontributory and/or invasive imaging modalities, select proper treatment modality, avoid unnecessary invasive catheter-based procedures, and avoid potentially life-threatening side effects [6–9].

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Log in via an institution
Chapter
USD 29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD 99.00
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as EPUB and PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD 129.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info
Hardcover Book
USD 179.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Durable hardcover edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

References

  1. Degni M, Gerson L, Ishikava K, et al. Classification of the vascular diseases of the limbs. J Cardiovasc Surg (Torino). 1973;14:109–16.

    Google Scholar 

  2. Belov S. Anatomopathological classification of congenital vascular defects. Semin Vasc Surg. 1993;6:219–24.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  3. Puig S, Aref H, Chigot V, Bonin B, Brunelle F. Classification of venous malformations in children and implications for sclerotherapy. Pediatr Radiol. 2003;33:99–103.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  4. Marler JJ, Mulliken JB. Vascular anomalies: classification, diagnosis, and natural history. Facial Plast Surg Clin North Am. 2001;9(4):495–504.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  5. Bartels C, Horsch S. Classification of congenital arterial and venous vascular malformations. Angiology. 1995;46(3):191–200.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  6. Lee BB. Critical issues in management of congenital vascular malformation. Ann Vasc Surg. 2004;18(3):380–92.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  7. Lee BB et al. Congenital vascular malformations: general diagnostic principles. Phlebology. 2007;22(6):253–7.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  8. Erin FDM et al. Clinical characteristics and management of vascular anomalies: findings of a multidisciplinary vascular anomalies clinic. Arch Dermatol. 2004;140(8):979.

    Google Scholar 

  9. Lee BB, Bergan JJ. Advanced management of congenital vascular malformations: a multidisciplinary approach. Cardiovasc Surg. 2002;10(6):523–33.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  10. Burrows PE, Laor T, Paltiel H, Robertson RL. Diagnostic imaging in the evaluation of vascular birthmarks. Dermatol Clin. 1998;16(3):455–88.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  11. Trop I, Dubois J, Guibaud L, et al. Soft-tissue venous malformations in pediatric and young adult patients: diagnosis with Doppler US. Radiology. 1999;212:841–5.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  12. Paltiel HJ, Burrows PE, Kozakewich HP, Zurakowski D, Mulliken JB. Soft-tissue vascular anomalies: utility of US for diagnosis. Radiology. 2000;214:747–54.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  13. Legiehn GM, Heran MK. Venous malformations: classification, development, diagnosis, and interventional radiologic management. Radiol Clin North Am. 2008;46:545–97.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  14. Lee BB, Antignani PL, Baraldini V, Baumgartner I, Berlien, P, Blei F, Carrafiello GP, Grantzow R, Rabe E, Ianniello A, Laredo J, Loose D, Lopez Gutierrez JC, Markovic JN, Mattassi R, Parsi K, Shortell C, Tamburini M, Vaghi M. ISVI-IUA consensus document diagnostic guidelines of vascular anomalies: vascular malformations and hemangiomas. Int Angiol. 2015;34(4):333–74.

    Google Scholar 

  15. Fayad LM, Hazirolan T, Bluemke D, Mitchell S. Vascular malformations in the extremities: emphasis on MR imaging features that guide treatment options. Skeletal Radiol. 2006;35:127–37.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  16. Mostardi PM, Young PM, McKusick MA, Riederer SJ. High temporal and spatial resolution imaging of peripheral vascular malformations. J Magn Reson Imaging. 2012;36(4):933–42.

    Google Scholar 

  17. Moukaddam H, Pollak J, Haims AH. MRI characteristics and classification of peripheral vascular malformations and tumors. Skeletal Radiol. 2009;38:535–47.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  18. Eifert S, Villavicencio JL, Kao TC, Taute BM, Rich NM. Prevalence of deep venous anomalies in congenital vascular malformations of venous predominance. J Vasc Surg. 2000;31:462–71.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  19. Browse NL, Burnand KG, Lea TM. The klippel trenaunay syndrome. In: Browse NL, Burnand KG, Thomas ML, editors. Diseases of the veins: pathology, diagnosis and treatment. London: Edward Arnold; 1988. p. 609–25.

    Google Scholar 

  20. Prince MR. Contrast-enhanced MR angiography: theory and optimization. Magn Reson Imaging Clin N Am. 1998;6(2):257–67.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  21. Lidsky ME, Markovic JN, Miller Jr MJ, Shortell CK. Analysis of the treatment of congenital vascular malformations using a multidisciplinary approach. J Vasc Surg. 2012;56(5):1355–62.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  22. Konez O, Burrows PE. Magnetic resonance of vascular anomalies. Magn Reson Imaging Clin N Am. 2002;10:363–88. vii

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  23. Hovius SE, Borg DH, Paans PR, Pieterman H. The diagnostic value of magnetic resonance imaging in combination with angiography in patients with vascular malformations: a prospective study. Ann Plast Surg. 1996;37:278–85.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  24. Rinker B, Karp NS, Margiotta M, Blei F, Rosen R, Rofsky NM. The role of magnetic resonance imaging in the management of vascular malformations of the trunk and extremities. Plast Reconstr Surg. 2003;112:504–10.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  25. van Rijswijk CS, van der Linden E, van der Woude HJ, van Baalen JM, Bloem JL. Value of dynamic contrast-enhanced MR imaging in diagnosing and classifying peripheral vascular malformations. AJR Am J Roentgenol. 2002;178:1181–7.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  26. Lidsky ME, Spritzer CE, Shortell CK. The role of dynamic contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging in the diagnosis and management of patients with vascular malformations. J Vasc Surg. 2012;56(3):757–64.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  27. Nasser TK, Mohler 3rd ER, Wilensky RL, Hathaway DR. Peripheral vascular complications following coronary interventional procedures. Clin Cardiol. 1995;18(11):609–14.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  28. Lumsden A, Peden E, Bush RL, Lin PH. Complications of endovascular procedures. In: Rutherford RB, editor. Vascular surgery. Philadelphia: Elsevier Saunders; 2005. p. 809–20.

    Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, USA

    Jovan N. Markovic MD & Cynthia K. Shortell MD, FACS

Authors
  1. Jovan N. Markovic MD
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. Cynthia K. Shortell MD, FACS
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Corresponding authors

Correspondence to Jovan N. Markovic MD or Cynthia K. Shortell MD, FACS .

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

  1. Division of Vascular Surgery, Department of Surgery, Samsung Medical Center, Seoul, Korea (Republic of)

    Young-Wook Kim

  2. Professor of Surgery and Director, Center for the Lymphedema and Vascular Malformations, George Washington University, Washington, DC, USA

    Byung-Boong Lee

  3. Swedish Medical Center, Vascular malformation Center, Englewood, Colorado, USA

    Wayne F. Yakes

  4. Department of Radiology, Samsung Medical Center, Seoul, Korea (Republic of)

    Young-Soo Do

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 2017 Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg

About this chapter

Cite this chapter

Markovic, J.N., Shortell, C.K. (2017). Contemporary Diagnosis: MRI and MRA. In: Kim, YW., Lee, BB., Yakes, W., Do, YS. (eds) Congenital Vascular Malformations. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-46709-1_22

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-46709-1_22

  • Published:

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg

  • Print ISBN: 978-3-662-46708-4

  • Online ISBN: 978-3-662-46709-1

  • eBook Packages: MedicineMedicine (R0)

Publish with us

Policies and ethics

Search

Navigation