Zusammenfassung
Die individuelle Empfindlichkeit für Pharmaka kann sehr stark variieren. Ursachen für die Variabilität liegen in Lebensalter (pharmakokinetische Unterschiede bei Säuglingen und Greisen), Geschlecht, vorbestehenden Grunderkrankungen, Co-Medikation (die zu Arzneimittelinteraktionen führen), Umwelteinflüssen (Ernährung, Darmflora) und genetischen Unterschiede. Polymorphismen beeinflussen sowohl Pharmakokinetik (Unterschiede in Enzymen und Transportern, die an Metabolismus und Exkretion von Pharmaka beteiligt sind) als auch Pharmakodynamik (Unterschiede in den Angriffspunkten von Arzneistoffen und in modifizierenden Genen).
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Freissmuth, M. (2016). Interindividuelle Unterschiede. In: Pharmakologie und Toxikologie. Springer-Lehrbuch. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-46689-6_5
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-46689-6_5
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