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Materials for Electrochemical Capacitors

  • Chapter
Springer Handbook of Electrochemical Energy

Part of the book series: Springer Handbooks ((SHB))

Abstract

The aim of this chapter is threefold. First of all, we will attempt to briefly highlight the differences between batteries and electrochemical capacitors (ECs), describe the general types of ECs (symmetric and asymmetric configurations), and present the electrochemical tools that are available to characterize these systems. Second, an EC is a complex device with many components (current collector, separator, active materials, external management electronics) and design features that ultimately determine the device characteristics. However, the advances in performance for future ECs that will be required for their broader implementation as an energy-storage technology will largely depend on new developments in electrode materials and electrolytes, which will be the focus of this chapter. Thus, this chapter will attempt to present a critical assessment of the materials that are currently being used and developed for hybrid ECs. Third, some current applications of ECs will be described in details and will clearly demonstrate that hybrid ECs are no longer a scientific curiosity and that they have found their place as energy-storage systems due to their unique characteristics. Finally, this chapter will be concluded by a section that presents the major role ECs will be playing in the field of energy storage and conservation.

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Abbreviations

1H-NMR:

proton nuclear magnetic resonance

AN:

acetonitrile

BET:

Brunauer–Emmett–Teller

CDC:

carbon-derived carbons

CMOS:

complementary metal-oxide-semiconductor

CNT:

carbon nanotube

DEME:

diethylmethyl(2-methoxyethyl) ammonium

DMC:

dimethyl carbonate

DMF:

dimethylformamide

DMS:

dimethylsulfone

EC:

electrochemical capacitor

EDLC:

electrochemical double-layer capacitor

EMC:

ethylmethyl carbonate

EMI,TFSI:

ethyl-methyl-immidazolium-trifluoro-methane-sulfonylimide

EMI:

ethylmethylimidazolium

EQCM:

electrochemical quartz crystal microbalance

ESR:

equivalent serial resistance

EV:

electric vehicle

HEV:

hybrid electric vehicle

HOPG:

highly ordered pyrolytic graphite

ITO:

indium tin oxide

KB:

Ketjen Black

NiMH:

nickel metal hydride

PC:

propylene carbonate

PDF:

pair-density function

PEGDE:

poly(ethylene glycol) dimethyl ether

PMMA:

poly(methyl methacrylate)

PTFE:

poly(tetrafluoroethylene)

PVdF:

poly(vinylidene difluoride)

SBP-BF4 :

spirobipyrrolydinium tetrafluoroborate

SCE:

standard calomel electrode

SL:

sulforane

SSA:

specific surface area

TEA:

tetraethylammonium

TEMA:

triethylmethyl ammonium

TMC:

template mesoporous carbon

UPS:

uninterruptible power supply

XANES:

x-ray absorption near-edge spectroscopy

XAS:

x-ray absorption spectroscopy

XPS:

x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy

XRD:

x-ray diffraction

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Inst. des Matériaux Jean Rouxel IMN, UMR CNRS 6502/Polytech Nantes, Université de Nantes, rue Christian Pauc, 44306, Nantes Cedex 3, France

    Thierry Brousse

  2. Dept. Chemistry, University Quebec at Montreal (UQAM), 2101, rue Jeanne-Mance, QC H2X2J6, Montreal, Canada

    Daniel Bélanger

  3. Laboratory of Bio-organic Chemistry, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, 3-5-8 Saiwai-cho, Fuchu, 183-8509, Tokyo, Japan

    Kazumi Chiba

  4. College of Bioresource Sciences, Nihon University, 1866 Kameino, 252-0880, Fujisawa, Japan

    Minato Egashira

  5. Inst. Charles Gerhardt (ICG), Université Montpellier II, E. Bataillon, cc1502, 34095, Montpellier Cedex 05, France

    Frédéric Favier

  6. Surface Chemistry Branch, Naval Research Laboratory, 4555 Overlook Ave. SW, DC 20375, Washington, USA

    Jeffrey Long

  7. JME, Inc., 23500 Mercantile Road, OH 44122, Beachwood, USA

    John R. Miller

  8. Graduate School of Sciences and Technology for Innovation, Yamaguchi University, 2-16-1 Tokiwadai, 755-8611, Ube, Japan

    Masayuki Morita

  9. Japan Institute of Symbiotic Science and Technology, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, 184-8558, Tokyo, Japan

    Katsuhiko Naoi

  10. Centre Inter-universitaire de Recherche et d’Ingénierie des Matériaux, Université Paul Sabatier, CNRS 5085, Toulouse, France

    Patrice Simon

  11. Dept. Fine Materials Engineering, Faculty of Textile Science and Technology, Shinshu University, 3-15-1 Tokida, 386-8567, Ueda, Japan

    Wataru Sugimoto

Authors
  1. Thierry Brousse
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  2. Daniel Bélanger
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  3. Kazumi Chiba
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  4. Minato Egashira
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  5. Frédéric Favier
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  6. Jeffrey Long
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  7. John R. Miller
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  8. Masayuki Morita
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  9. Katsuhiko Naoi
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  10. Patrice Simon
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  11. Wataru Sugimoto
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Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

  1. Dept. Mechanical Engineering, TU Dresden, Helmholtzstr. 14, 01062, Dresden, Germany

    Cornelia Breitkopf

  2. Chemistry Division, US Naval Research Laboratory, 4555 Overlook Ave., DC 20375, Washington, USA

    Karen Swider-Lyons

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© 2017 Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg

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Brousse, T. et al. (2017). Materials for Electrochemical Capacitors. In: Breitkopf, C., Swider-Lyons, K. (eds) Springer Handbook of Electrochemical Energy. Springer Handbooks. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-46657-5_16

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-46657-5_16

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg

  • Print ISBN: 978-3-662-46656-8

  • Online ISBN: 978-3-662-46657-5

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