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Postzosterneuralgie

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Weiterbildung Schmerzmedizin

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Zusammenfassung

Die Postzosterneuralgie ist ein neuropathisches Schmerzsyndrom. Charakteristisch sind Schmerzen im Dermatom der ursprünglichen Hauteffloreszenz, die 3 Monate nach deren Abheilung fortbestehen. Die Postzosterneuralgie tritt etwa bei jedem zehnten Zosterpatienten auf. Mit zunehmendem Lebensalter steigt die Prävalenz deutlich an. Klinische Charakteristika sind Dauerbrennschmerzen, einschießende Schmerzattacken und Allodynie. Außerdem finden sich sensorische Minus- und Plussymptome im betroffenen Areal. Pathophysiologisch konnten die periphere und zentrale Sensibilisierung auf dem Boden einer Nervenschädigung als wichtige Mechanismen der Schmerzentstehung nachgewiesen werden. Studien zur Therapie der Postzosterneuralgie konnten die Wirksamkeit von Antidepressiva, Antiepileptika, Opioiden sowie der topischen Analgetika Capsaicin und Lidocain zeigen. Es ist davon auszugehen, dass die Postzosterneuralgie als chronische Schmerzerkrankung eines multimodalen Behandlungsansatzes bedarf.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. UniversitätsSchmerzCentrum, Universitätsklinikum Dresden, Dresden

    G. Goßrau

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  1. G. Goßrau
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Goßrau, G. (2015). Postzosterneuralgie. In: Weiterbildung Schmerzmedizin. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-46517-2_4

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-46517-2_4

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg

  • Print ISBN: 978-3-662-46516-5

  • Online ISBN: 978-3-662-46517-2

  • eBook Packages: Medicine (German Language)

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