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6 Pezizomycotina: Dothideomycetes and Arthoniomycetes

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Systematics and Evolution

Part of the book series: The Mycota ((MYCOTA,volume 7B))

Abstract

The modern concepts of Dothideomycetes and Arthoniomycetes can be traced back to Luttrell (Mycologia 47:511–532, 1955) who, relying on data from a number of previous publications, combined lichenized and nonlichenized fungi in a single class, Loculoascomycetes. A current concept of two separate classes, as well-defined sister taxa, is still new, but it is closely tied to the use of DNA-sequence-based phylogenies to define fungal taxa. DNA sequence comparisons, which have now been in use in mycology since the early 1990s, confirmed that important morphological and developmental characters traditionally used in the taxonomy of loculoascomycetes are homoplasious. What was earlier referred to as the bitunicate ascomycetes contains multiple diverse lineages, which have now been placed in three different classes within Ascomycota. The class Eurotiomycetes contains Pyrenulales, Verrucariales, and Chaetothyriales within subclass Chaeothyriomycetidae (Geiser et al. Mycologia 98:1053–1064, 2006) and the remaining (and majority of) bitunicate species reside within two sister classes, Arthoniomycetes and Dothideomycetes. This review describes the latest taxonomic classifications substantiated with DNA and protein sequence comparisons and discusses morphology, biology, and ecology within this context.

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Acknowledgements

We appreciate the photos provided by Sabine Huhndorf (Field Museum) and Walter Obermayer (Karl-Franzens-University). We thank the Centraalbureau voor Schimmelcultures (CBS) and Studies in Mycology for allowing us to use illustrations from the 1975 publication by J. von Arx and E. Müller. Permission to use an adaptation from an illustration presented in the Ph.D. thesis of Tina Hoffman (Johann Wolfgang Goethe-University) is also appreciated. CLS acknowledges the Intramural Research Program of the National Institutes of Health, National Library of Medicine. We would like to thank Göran Thor (Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences) and Barbara Robbertse (NCBI) for critical readings of the manuscript.

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  1. NCBI/NLM/NIH, 45 Center Drive, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA

    Conrad Schoch

  2. Institute of Plant Sciences, Karl-Franzens-University, Holteigasse 6, 8010, Graz, Austria

    Martin Grube

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  1. Conrad Schoch
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  2. Martin Grube
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Correspondence to Conrad Schoch .

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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Plant Biology, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, Minnesota, USA

    David J. McLaughlin

  2. Department of Botany and Plant Pathology, Oregon State University, Corvallis, Oregon, USA

    Joseph W. Spatafora

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Schoch, C., Grube, M. (2015). 6 Pezizomycotina: Dothideomycetes and Arthoniomycetes. In: McLaughlin, D., Spatafora, J. (eds) Systematics and Evolution. The Mycota, vol 7B. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-46011-5_6

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