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Genetic and Environmental Risk Factors of Autoimmune Bullous Diseases

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Blistering Diseases

Abstract

Autoimmune bullous diseases comprise a heterogeneous group of disorders, which not only differ with regard to their immunological characteristics but also with regard to genetic and environmental predisposing factors. A strong association with HLA alleles was found in pemphigus, mucous membrane pemphigoid, pemphigoid gestationis and epidermolysis bullosa acquisita, whereas in bullous pemphigoid, this association appeared much less prominent. Recently, the first non-HLA genes have been associated with pemphigus vulgaris. In pemphigus vulgaris and foliaceus, the potential impact drugs, smoking and vaccination have been described, while in the endemic forms of pemphigus foliaceus, the role of environmental factors, including infectious agents, is emerging.

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Acknowledgement

This work was supported by the Excellence Cluster “Inflammation at Interfaces” (EXC306/1; to E.S), the European Community’s FP7 (Coordination Theme 1-HEALTH-F2–2008–200515) and the Swiss National Foundation for Scientific Research (31003A-121966 and 31003A-09811; both to L.B.).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Dermatology, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany

    Enno Schmidt MD, PhD

  2. Department of Dermatology, University Hospital, Inselspital, Bern, Switzerland

    Luca Borradori MD

  3. Department of Dermatology, Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, Tel Aviv, Israel

    Eli Sprecher MD, PhD

  4. Department of Dermatology, University of Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia

    Branka Marinovic MD, PhD

  5. Department of Dermatology, SUNY University at Buffalo School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Buffalo, NY, USA

    Animesh A. Sinha MD, PhD

  6. Department of Dermatology, CHU Charles Nicolle, Rouen, France

    Pascal Joly MD, PhD

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  1. Enno Schmidt MD, PhD
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  2. Luca Borradori MD
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  3. Eli Sprecher MD, PhD
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  4. Branka Marinovic MD, PhD
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  5. Animesh A. Sinha MD, PhD
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  6. Pascal Joly MD, PhD
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Corresponding author

Correspondence to Enno Schmidt MD, PhD .

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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Dermatology, St George Hospital, University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia

    Dédée F. Murrell

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Schmidt, E., Borradori, L., Sprecher, E., Marinovic, B., Sinha, A.A., Joly, P. (2015). Genetic and Environmental Risk Factors of Autoimmune Bullous Diseases. In: Murrell, D. (eds) Blistering Diseases. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-45698-9_13

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-45698-9_13

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