Abstract
Owing to the low temperature difference between the hot and the cold sides, the thermal efficiency of solar ORC is much lower than that of fossil-fired steam plants. The efficiency restriction by thermodynamic laws is extremely critical for small-scale solar ORCs, in which the expander, generator, pump, etc. are less efficient than those in the steam Rankine cycle. For the sake of an acceptable power efficiency, it is necessary to minimize the thermodynamic irreversibility of the solar ORC system. And structural optimization is performed in this chapter. The total losses of the ORC can be divided into four parts, i.e. losses in the heating, expansion, cooling and pressurization processes, with corresponding devices of evaporator, expander, condenser and pump. Exergy losses in the cooling process are related to the degree of superheat of exhaust leaving the expander. They are lessened when an internal heat exchanger is employed. Exergy losses in the expansion process are inevitable because the expander efficiency is usually lower than 0.85. There is great technical difficulty in achieving higher expander efficiency. Exergy losses in the heating and pressurization processes, on the other hand, are of special interest.
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Li, J. (2015). Structural Optimization of the ORC-Based Solar Thermal Power System. In: Structural Optimization and Experimental Investigation of the Organic Rankine Cycle for Solar Thermal Power Generation. Springer Theses. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-45623-1_2
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-45623-1_2
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