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Salivary Diagnostics and the Oral Microbiome

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Advances in Salivary Diagnostics

Abstract

Our oral cavity hosts an extraordinary variety of microorganisms. Recent work has started to look at the composition of the oral microbiome in both healthy and disease states. Various stages of caries, gingivitis, and periodontitis, plus novel work understanding the role of bacteria in other diseases/conditions and carcinogenesis, reveal that our oral microbiome has an intriguing link to our global health. Together, these studies have combined a number of techniques, including human oral microbe identification microarray (HOMIM) and high-throughput sequencing, to survey the oral flora composition. Microorganisms’ sensitivity to small changes in the environment including pH, nutrients and metabolites, oxygen and water levels, and host immune factors has been broadly studied. Ideally, the high sensitivity of oral microorganisms should forecast subtle changes in the health status and potentially serve as a biomarker for early detection of disease. Paired with other host saliva biomarkers, the oral microbiome presents a novel noninvasive diagnostic tool for monitoring changes in human physiology and a potential shift toward disease.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Biology – Oral Microbiology, Notre Dame of Maryland University, Baltimore, MD, USA

    Jennifer E. Kerr PhD

  2. Department of Periodontics, University of Texas Health Science Center, School of Dentistry, Houston, TX, USA

    Gena D. Tribble PhD

Authors
  1. Jennifer E. Kerr PhD
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  2. Gena D. Tribble PhD
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Correspondence to Jennifer E. Kerr PhD .

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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Diagnostic and Biomedical, University of Texas School of Dentistry at Houston, Houston, Texas, USA

    Charles F. Streckfus

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Kerr, J.E., Tribble, G.D. (2015). Salivary Diagnostics and the Oral Microbiome. In: Streckfus, C. (eds) Advances in Salivary Diagnostics. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-45399-5_5

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