Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

Introduction

  • Chapter
  • First Online:
High Efficiency Video Coding

Part of the book series: Signals and Communication Technology ((SCT))

  • 2351 Accesses

Abstract

In this chapter, the general prerequisites for the development of video coding specifications are described, including an overview of previous video coding standards, the formal procedures which are required for standards approval, and the Joint Collaborative Team on Video Coding, which was established for the development of HEVC. In order to immerge in the subject without an overload of definitions, some of the terminology used in this chapter will be taken as is for the moment and will be defined and detailed in the forthcoming sections and chapters.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Log in via an institution
Chapter
USD 29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD 99.00
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as EPUB and PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Hardcover Book
USD 129.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Durable hardcover edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

Notes

  1. 1.

    DPCM = Differential Pulse Code Modulation.

  2. 2.

    Initially, the acronym stood for Video Coding Experts Group. This was modified when VCEG was appointed responsibility for still image coding standards as well [32].

  3. 3.

    A similar construction was used for the Joint Video Team (JVT) on H.264\(\,|\,\)AVC which was formed in 2001. In that case, the parent bodies were ITU-T Q6/16 and ISO/IEC JTC 1/SC 29/WG 11 [15].

  4. 4.

    A second Joint Collaborative Team on 3D Video Coding Extension Development has been founded in 2012 for the development of advanced 3D video coding capabilities [36]. See Sect. 12.3 for a brief overview of the planned multiview and 3D extensions of HEVC.

  5. 5.

    In the development process of MPEG-4 Visual, even two complete independent reference implementations were maintained by the working group to assert the validity of the reported results.

  6. 6.

    This assessment sometimes has been referred to as a ‘mental cross-check’.

References

  1. Codecs for videoconferencing using primary digital group transmission. ITU-T Rec. H.120. http://www.itu.int/rec/TREC-H.120/en (1993). Accessed 14 Apr 2014

  2. Sullivan, G.J.: Overview of international video coding standards (preceding H.264/AVC). Pres. ITU-T VICA Workshop, ITU Headquarter, ITU-T, Geneva. http://www.itu.int/ITU-T/worksem/vica/docs/presentations/S0_P2_Sullivan.pdf (2005). Accessed 14 Apr 2014

  3. Video codec for audiovisual services at p\(\times \)64 kbit/s. ITU-T Rec. H.261. http://www.itu.int/rec/T-REC-H.261/en (1993). Accessed 14 Apr 2014

  4. Décina, M., Scace, E.L.: CCITT recommendations on the ISDN: A review. IEEE J. Sel. Areas Commun. 4(3), 320–325 (1986). doi:10.1109/JSAC.1986.1146333

  5. Rtcweb Status Pages. IETF. http://tools.ietf.org/wg/rtcweb/charters (2013). Accessed 14 Apr 2014

  6. Information technology—Coding of moving pictures and associated audio for digital storage media at up to about 1.5 Mbit/s—Part 2: Video. ISO/IEC 11172-2:1993 (MPEG-1). http://www.iso.org/iso/home/store/catalogue_tc/catalogue_detail.htm?csnumber=22411 (2006). Accessed 14 Apr 2014

  7. Information technology—Generic coding of moving pictures and associated audio information—Part 2: Video. ISO/IEC 13818-2:2013 (MPEG-2). http://www.iso.org/iso/home/store/catalogue_tc/catalogue_detail.htm?csnumber=61152 (2013). Accessed 14 Apr 2014

  8. Information technology—Generic coding of moving pictures and associated audio information: Video. ITU-T Rec. H.262 (MPEG-2). http://www.itu.int/rec/T-REC-H.262/en (2012). Accessed 14 Apr 2014

  9. Del Rosario, J.: Reality check on MPEG-2. Northern Sky Research. http://www.nsr.com/new_sresources/the-bottom-line/reality-check-on-mpeg-2/ (2013). Accessed 14 Apr 2014

  10. Video coding for low bit rate communication. ITU-T Rec. H.263. http://www.itu.int/rec/T-REC-H.263/en (2005). Accessed 14 Apr 2014

  11. Information technology—Coding of audio-visual objects—Part 2: Visual. ISO/IEC 14496-2:2004 (MPEG-4). http://www.iso.org/iso/home/store/catalogue_tc/catalogue_detail.htm?csnumber=39259 (2009). Accessed 14 Apr 2014

  12. Pereira, F., Ebrahimi, T.: The MPEG-4 Book. Prentice Hall, Upper Saddle River (2002)

    Google Scholar 

  13. Advanced video coding for generic audiovisual services. ITU-T Rec. H.264 (AVC). http://www.itu.int/rec/T-REC-H.264/en (2014). Accessed 14 Apr 2014

  14. Information technology—Coding of audio-visual objects—Part 10: Advanced video coding. ISO/IEC 14496-10:2012 (AVC). http://www.iso.org/iso/home/store/catalogue_tc/catalogue_detail.htm?csnumber=61490 (2012). Accessed 14 Apr 2014

  15. MPEG and VCEG. Terms of reference for Joint Video Team (JVT) activities. Doc. ITU-T Q.6/SG16 and ISO/IEC JTC1/SC29/WG11, Pattaya, Thailand. http://www.itu.int/oth/T3401000001/en (2001). Accessed 14 Apr 2014

  16. Website on the Joint Video Team. International Communication Union. http://www.itu.int/en/ITU-T/studygroups/com16/video/Pages/jvt.aspx (2010). Accessed 14 Apr 2014

  17. Sullivan, G.J., et al.: Overview of the high efficiency video coding (HEVC) standard. IEEE Trans. Circ. Syst. Video Technol. 22(12), 1649–1668 (2012). doi:10.1109/TCSVT.2012.2221191

  18. VCEG and MPEG. Terms of reference of the Joint Collaborative Team on Video Coding Standard Development. Doc. VCEG-AM90. ITU-T SG16/Q6 VCEG, Kyoto, JP (2010)

    Google Scholar 

  19. VCEG. Draft requirements for next-generation video coding project. Doc. VCEG-AL96. ITU-T SG16/Q6 VCEG, London, GB (2009)

    Google Scholar 

  20. VCEG and MPEG. Joint call for proposals on video compression technology. Doc. VCEG-AM91. ITU-T SG16/Q6 VCEG, Kyoto, JP (2010)

    Google Scholar 

  21. JCT-VC. Report of subjective testing of responses to Joint Call for Proposals (CfP) on video coding technology for high effciency video coding (HEVC). Doc. JCTVC-A204. 1st meeting: Joint Collaborative Team on Video Coding (JCT-VC) of ITU-T SG 16 WP 3 and ISO/IEC JTC 1/SC 29/WG 11, Dresden, Germany (2010)

    Google Scholar 

  22. Wiegand, T., et al.: WD1: Working draft 1 of high effciency video coding. Doc. JCTVC-C403. 3rd Meeting: Joint Collaborative Team on Video Coding (JCT-VC) of ITU-T SG 16 WP 3 and ISO/IEC JTC 1/SC 29/WG 11, Guangzhou, CN (2010)

    Google Scholar 

  23. McCann, K., et al.: High effciency video coding (HEVC) test model 1 (HM 1) encoder description. Doc. JCTVC-C402. 3rd Meeting: Joint Collaborative Team on Video Coding (JCT-VC) of ITU-T SG 16 WP 3 and ISO/IEC JTC 1/SC 29/WG 11, Guangzhou, CN (2010)

    Google Scholar 

  24. Kim, I.-K., et al.: High efficiency video coding (HEVC) test model 10 (HM10) encoder description. Doc.JCTVC-L1002. 12th Meeting: Joint Collaborative Team on Video Coding (JCT-VC) of ITU-T SG 16 WP 3 and ISO/IEC JTC 1/SC 29/WG 11, Geneva, CH (2013)

    Google Scholar 

  25. Bross, B., et al.: High efficiency video coding (HEVC) text specification draft 10 (for FDIS & Last Call). Doc. JCTVC-L1003. 12th Meeting: Joint Collaborative Team on Video Coding (JCT-VC) of ITU-T SG 16 WP 3 and ISO/IEC JTC 1/SC 29/WG 11, Geneva, CH (2013)

    Google Scholar 

  26. High efficiency video coding. ITU-T Rec. H.265 (HEVC). http://www.itu.int/rec/T-REC-H.265/en (2013). Accessed 14 Apr 2014

  27. Information technology—High efficiency coding and media delivery in heterogeneous environments—Part 2: High efficiency video coding. ISO/IEC 23008-2:2013 (HEVC). http://www.iso.org/iso/home/store/catalogue_tc/catalogue_detail.htm?csnumber=35424 (2013). Accessed 14 Apr 2014

  28. Tan, T.K., et al.: HEVC verification test results. Doc. JCTVC-Q204. 17th Meeting: Joint Collaborative Team on Video Coding (JCT-VC) of ITU-T SG 16 WP 3 and ISO/IEC JTC 1/SC 29/WG 11, Valencia, ES (2014)

    Google Scholar 

  29. Ohm, J.-R., et al.: Comparison of the coding efficiency of video coding standards—including high efficiency video coding (HEVC). IEEE Trans. Circ. Syst. Video Technol. 22(12), 1669–1684 (2012). doi:10.1109/TCSVT.2012.2221192

    Article  Google Scholar 

  30. ISO/IEC. ISO/IEC Directives, Part 1: Consolidated ISO supplement—procedures specific to ISO. Technical report, Fourth edition, ISO/IEC. http://www.iso.org/iso/home/standards_development/resources-for-technical-work/iso_iec_directives_and_iso_supplement.htm (2013). Accessed 14 Apr 2014

  31. ISO/IEC JTC1. ISO/IEC Directives, Part 1: Consolidated JTC 1 Supplement Procedures for the technical work. Technical report, ISO/IEC. http://isotc.iso.org/livelink/livelink/open/jtc1 (2012). Accessed 14 Apr 2014

  32. Question 6/16–Visual coding, ITU-T. http://www.itu.int/ITU-T/2005-2008/com16/sg16q6.html (2008). Accessed 14 Apr 2014

  33. Alternative approval process for new and revised ITU-T Recommendations. ITU-T Rec. A.8. http://www.itu.int/rec/T_REC-A.8/en (2008). Accessed 14 Apr 2014

  34. ITU-T. Resolution 1—Rules of procedure of the ITU telecommunication standardization sector (ITU-T). Technical report, ITU-T, Dubai. http://www.itu.int/en/ITU-T/wtsa12/Documents/resolutions/Resolution%2001.pdf (2012). Accessed 14 Apr 2014

  35. Guide for ITU-T and ISO/IEC JTC 1 cooperation. ITU-T and ISO/IEC JTC 1 Rec. A.23 Annex A. http://www.itu.int/rec/TREC-A.23/en (2010). Accessed 14 Apr 2014

  36. Terms of reference of the Joint Collaborative Team on 3D Video Coding Extension Development (JCT-3DVE). ITU-T and ISO/IEC JTC 1, Geneva. http://www.itu.int/en/ITU-T/studygroups/com16/video/Documents/ToR-JCT-3V-TD-PLEN-0532-16.pdf (2012). Accessed 14 Apr 2014

  37. Terms of reference of the Joint Collaborative Team on Video Coding Standard Development. ITU-T and ISO/IEC JTC 1, Kyoto. http://www.itu.int/oth/T4601000001/en (2010). Accessed 14 Apr 2014

  38. JCT-VC. HEVC Reference Software. https://hevc.hhi.fraunhofer.de/svn/svn_HEVCSoftware/ (2014). Accessed 14 Apr 2014

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Institut für Nachrichtentechnik, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany

    Mathias Wien

Authors
  1. Mathias Wien
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Mathias Wien .

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 2015 Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg

About this chapter

Cite this chapter

Wien, M. (2015). Introduction. In: High Efficiency Video Coding. Signals and Communication Technology. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-44276-0_1

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-44276-0_1

  • Published:

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg

  • Print ISBN: 978-3-662-44275-3

  • Online ISBN: 978-3-662-44276-0

  • eBook Packages: EngineeringEngineering (R0)

Publish with us

Policies and ethics

Search

Navigation