Abstract
The exocrine pancreatic parenchyma produces about 1 litre of pancreatic juice daily for the preparation of the chyme in the small intestines under vagal and endocrine control. The diffusely distributed islets of Langerhans constitute the endocrine organ. The majority of the islet cell population consists of the insulin-producing beta cells. Alpha cells secrete glucagon, delta cells secrete somatostatin and PP cells (gamma cells) secrete pancreatic polypeptide.
The pancreas lies at the level of the lumbar vertebral bodies 1–3 in the anterior pararenal space of the retroperitoneum. The anterior pararenal space lies between the posterior surface of the parietal peritoneum and the anterior reflection of the perirenal fascia (Gerota’s fascia). It also contains the peripancreatic vessels, the duodenum, retroperitoneal segments of the ascending and descending colon as well as the roots of the small bowel mesentery and transverse mesocolon (Fig. 26.1).
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Further Reading
Hayahi D, Tkacz J, Hammond S et al. (2011) Gastroenteropancreatic neuroendocrine tumors: multimodality imaging features with pathological correlation. >Jpn J Radiol 29: 85–91
Tanaka M, Fernandz-del Castillo C, Adsay V et al. (2012) International consensus guidelines 2012 for the management of IPMN and MCN of the pancreas. Pancreatology 12: 183–197
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Brügel, M. (2016). The Pancreas. In: Vogl, T., Reith, W., Rummeny, E. (eds) Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-44037-7_26
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-44037-7_26
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