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Ophthalmic Imaging and Neuroimaging of the Effects of Glaucoma Treatment

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Post-treatment Imaging of the Orbit

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Abstract

Glaucoma is a group of conditions that can lead to irreversible vision loss. There are many different types of glaucoma that can be broadly categorized into open-angle and closed-angle subtypes; these subtypes can be further stratified into primary and secondary types. Primary open-angle glaucoma is the most common type of glaucoma in the United States and is a diagnosis considered in the context of unremarkable gonioscopic findings, no apparent slit lamp biomicroscopic abnormalities, and glaucomatous optic disk cupping, accompanied by visual field loss localizing to the nerve fiber layer. On the other hand, primary closed-angle glaucoma results from obstruction of aqueous humor flow through the pupil into the anterior chamber (pupillary block), which increases the pressure behind the iris and forces the iris anteriorly to occlude the anterior chamber angle. Secondary forms of glaucoma are caused by various ocular or systemic diseases, such as uveitis, corticosteroid use, lens dislocation or swelling, pigment dispersion syndrome, and intraocular hemorrhage. Chronic glaucoma affects the anterior visual pathway up to the optic chiasm and radiations and beyond, which manifests as volume loss and T2 hyperintensity on MRI (Fig. 4.1). These changes correlate with optic nerve damage, and MRI of the visual pathway may be useful for evaluating glaucomatous damage.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Head and Neck Imaging, Department of Radiology, University of Chicago, 5841 S Maryland Avenue, Chicago, IL, 60637, USA

    Daniel Thomas Ginat MD, MS (Director)

  2. Department of Ophthalmology, Illinois Glaucoma Center, Chicago, IL, USA

    Lili Farrokh-Siar MD

  3. Department of Ophthalmology, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA

    Fatoumata Yanoga MD

  4. Department of Ophthalmology, Massachusetts Eye and Ear Infirmary, Boston, MA, USA

    Louis Pasquale MD

  5. Division of Network Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, MA, USA

    Louis Pasquale MD

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  1. Daniel Thomas Ginat MD, MS
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  2. Lili Farrokh-Siar MD
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  3. Fatoumata Yanoga MD
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  4. Louis Pasquale MD
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Correspondence to Daniel Thomas Ginat MD, MS .

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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Director of Head and Neck Imaging, Department of Radiology, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA

    Daniel Thomas Ginat

  2. Director, Ophthalmic Plastic Surgery, Service, Department of Ophthalmology, Massachusetts Eye and Ear Infirmary, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA

    Suzanne K. Freitag

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Ginat, D.T., Farrokh-Siar, L., Yanoga, F., Pasquale, L. (2015). Ophthalmic Imaging and Neuroimaging of the Effects of Glaucoma Treatment. In: Ginat, D., Freitag, S. (eds) Post-treatment Imaging of the Orbit. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-44023-0_4

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-44023-0_4

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