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Sympathovagale Imbalance

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Physiotherapie bei chronischen Atemwegs- und Lungenerkrankungen

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Zusammenfassung

Im folgenden Kapitel werden Störungen des autonomen Nervensystems in Zusammenhang mit Atemwegs- und Lungenerkrankungen erläutert.Der Krankheitsverlauf der COPD ist durch eine progrediente Verschlechterung der Lungenfunktion und eine Abnahme der körperlichen Belastbarkeit und Lebensqualität gekennzeichnet, vor allem durch rezidivierende Exazerbationen und zunehmende Komorbiditäten. Die häufigsten Komorbiditäten bei chronisch obstruktiven Lungenerkrankungen sind kardiovaskuläre Erkrankungen, Gewichtsverlust, Verlust der fettfreien Masse verbunden mit Muskelatrophie, Osteoporose und Depression. Systemische Erkrankungen gehen häufig zusätzlich mit Störungen des autonomen Nervensystems (sekundäre autonome Dysfunktionen) in Form einer erhöhten neuro-endokrinen Aktivierung einher, die möglicherweise für das erhöhte Mortalitätsrisiko dieser Erkrankung mitverantwortlich ist.

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Notes

  1. 1.

    Die Länge der postganglionären sympathischen Nervenfasern beträgt durchschnittlich 30 cm. Die postganglionären parasympathischen Nervenfasern befinden sich direkt in der Herzwand und sind entsprechend kurz [21].

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Departement Gesundheit, Institut für Physiotherapie, Zürcher Hochschule für Angewandte Wissenschaften (ZHAW), Technikumstrasse 71. CH-8401, Winterthur, Schweiz

    Prof. Dr. rer. medic. Arnoldus J.R. van Gestel (Hochschuldozent: innere Organe und Gefäße)

  2. Westdeutsches Lungenzentrum, Ruhrlandklinik, Tüschener Weg 40, 45239, Essen, Deutschland

    Univ.Prof.Dr. Helmut Teschler (Direktor Abt. Universitäre Pneumologie)

  3. King`s College London/King’s Health Partners, Lane Fox Respiratory Unit/Sleep Disorders Centre, Westminster Bridge Road Guy’s & St Thomas’ NHS Foundation Trust, SE1 7EH, London, United Kingdom

    Jörg Steier MD (D), PhD (UK) (Consultant Physician/Senior Lecturer)

Authors
  1. Prof. Dr. rer. medic. Arnoldus J.R. van Gestel
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  2. Univ.Prof.Dr. Helmut Teschler
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  3. Jörg Steier MD (D), PhD (UK)
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van Gestel, A., Teschler, H., Steier, J. (2014). Sympathovagale Imbalance. In: Physiotherapie bei chronischen Atemwegs- und Lungenerkrankungen. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-43678-3_14

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-43678-3_14

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