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Retinoblastoma: Treatment Options

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Clinical Ophthalmic Oncology

Abstract

Survival rates for retinoblastoma patients have increased dramatically over the past century, with documented 5-year survival reaching 95–99 % in developed countries. Similarly, there have been significant advances in the treatment approaches for intraocular retinoblastoma, driven by a motivation to increase salvage rates and decrease complications. Over the past 50 years, there have been major paradigm shifts in the approaches for managing intraocular retinoblastoma. In the 1960s, external radiation therapy was the primary vision-saving modality for treating the ocular tumors. In the mid 1990s, systemic chemotherapy combined with focal modalities became the dominant treatment strategy, emphasizing multiple drug chemoreduction protocols and minimizing the use of external beam radiation. Over the past 5 years, there has been growing interest in local or regional therapies, delivering chemotherapeutic agents directly to the globe or through regional arteries in an attempt to improve cure rates and reduce the morbidity of less selective modalities. In this chapter, we summarize current management approaches for intraocular retinoblastoma, emphasizing the clinical indications for intravenous chemotherapy, external beam radiation, brachytherapy, focal modalities, intra-arterial chemotherapy, and intravitreal injection of chemotherapy.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Ophthalmology, Retinoblastoma Service, The Vision Center, Children’s Hospital Los Angeles, University of Southern California, 4650 Sunset blvd, #88, Los Angeles, CA, USA

    Jonathan W. Kim MD

  2. Department of Ophthalmology, The Vision Center, Children’s Hospital Los Angeles, University of Southern California, 4650 Sunset blvd, #88, Los Angeles, CA, USA

    A. Linn Murphree MD

  3. Department of Ophthalmic Oncology, Cole Eye Institute, Cleveland Clinic, 9500 Euclid Avenue, Cleveland, OH, 44195, USA

    Arun D. Singh MD

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  1. Jonathan W. Kim MD
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  2. A. Linn Murphree MD
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  3. Arun D. Singh MD
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Correspondence to A. Linn Murphree MD .

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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Dept. of Ophthalmic Oncology, Cole Eye Institute Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Cleveland, Ohio, USA

    Arun D. Singh

  2. Department of Ophthalmology, Children's Hospital Los Angeles, Los Angeles, USA

    A. Linn Murphree

  3. University of California, San Francisco, California, USA

    Bertil E. Damato

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Kim, J.W., Murphree, A.L., Singh, A.D. (2015). Retinoblastoma: Treatment Options. In: Singh, A., Murphree, A., Damato, B. (eds) Clinical Ophthalmic Oncology. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-43451-2_9

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