Skip to main content

Factors Affecting Inheritance and Expression of Differentiation: Some Methods of Analysis

  • Chapter

Part of the book series: Results and Problems in Cell Differentiation ((RESULTS,volume 1))

Abstract

Differentiated cells grow, develop and maintain their specialized properties during normal embryogenesis (Manasek 1968a, b). In certain tissues (e.g. skeletal muscle, pancreas, mammary gland, and hematopoietic tissues) the cells do not synthesize large amounts of specialized products until DNA replication and rapid cell division have ceased. Nonetheless, even in these tissues one can detect small but measurable amounts of their specialized proteins during the rapid growth phase of the stem cells (Rutter et al. 1967; Wessells 1967).

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution.

Buying options

Chapter
USD   29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD   49.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD   54.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Learn about institutional subscriptions

Preview

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

References

  • Abbott, J., and H. Holtzer: The loss of phenotypic traits by differentiated cells. III. The reversible behaviour of chondrocytes in primary cultures. J. Cell Biol. 28, 473–487 (1966).

    Article  PubMed Central  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Abbott, J., and H. Holtzer: The loss of phenotypic traits by differentiated cells. V. The effect of 5-BUdR on cloned chondrocytes. Proc. nat. Acad. Sci. (Wash.) 59, 1144–1151 (1968).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Bernfield, M., and C. Grobstein: Personal communication and comments at the West Coast Regional Meerings of the Society for Developmental Biology, Asilomar (1967).

    Google Scholar 

  • Berson, S. A., and R. S. Yalow: Quantitative aspects of the reaction between insulin and insulin-binding antibody. J. clin. Invest. 38, 1996–2016 (1959a).

    Article  PubMed Central  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Berson, S. A., and R. S. Yalow: Species specificity of human anti-beef, pork insulin serum. J. clin. Invest. 38, 2017–2025 (1959b).

    Article  PubMed Central  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Birnbaum, H. C., J. J. Péne, and J. E. Darnell: Studies on hela cell nuclear DNA-like RNA by RNA-DNA hybridization. Proc. nat. Acad. Sci. (Wash.) 58, 320–327 (1967).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Boveri, Th.: Über die Befruchtung des Eies von Ascaris megalocephala. S.-B. Ges. Morph. Phys. Bd. 3, München (1887).

    Google Scholar 

  • Briggs, R., and T. J. King: Transplantation of living nuclei from blastula cells into enucleated frogs’ eggs. Proc. nat. Acad. Sci. (Wash.) 38, 455–473 (1952).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • 6 Cell Differentiation, Vol. 1

    Google Scholar 

  • Britten, R. J., and D. E. Kohne: Repeated sequences for DNA. Science 161, 529–540 (1968.)

    Google Scholar 

  • Cahn, R. D.: Maintenance of beating and dissociation of biochemical and functional differentiation of beating and dissociation of biochemical and functional differentiation in clones of chicken embryo heart cells. J. Cell Biol. 23, 17A (1964a).

    Google Scholar 

  • Cahn, R. D.: Developmental changes in embryonic enzyme patterns: The effect of oxidative substrates on lactic dehydrogenase in beating chick embryonic heart cell cultures. Develop. Biol. 9, 327–346 (1964b).

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Cahn, R. D.: Detergents in membrane filters. Science 155, 195–196 (1967).

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Cahn, R. D.: Changes in enzyme patterns in functional heart pigmented retina and cartilage cells in culture. In: Factors influencing myocardial contractility. (Ed.: R. D. Tanz, J. Kavaler, and J. Roberts), pp. 293–299. New York-London: Academic Press 1967.

    Google Scholar 

  • Cahn, R. D., and M.B.Cahn: Heritability of cellular differentiation: Clonal growth and expression of differentiation in retinal pigment cells in vitro. Proc. nat. Acad. Sci. (Wash.) 55, 106–114 (1966).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Cahn, R. D., M.B.Cahn., and R. Lasher: Heritability of cellular differentiation: Studies on growth and differentiation of mononuclear cells and interspecific fusion hybrids between pigmented retina and cartilage cells. J. Cell Biol. 35, 20A (1967).

    Google Scholar 

  • Cahn, R. D., M.B.Cahn., M. Solursh: Heritability of differentiation in vitro: Control of expression at the level of synthesis of DNA-like RNA in cartilage and pigmented retina cell clones. Amer. Zool. 7, 750 (1967).

    Google Scholar 

  • Cahn, R. D., M.B.Cahn., and Y. Okada: Methods for controlled fusion of various differentiated chick and quail cells grown in vitro. Manuscript in preparation (1968).

    Google Scholar 

  • Cahn, R. D., and A. Clark: unpublished.

    Google Scholar 

  • Cahn, R. D., H. C. Coon, and M. B. Cahn: Growth of differentiated cells: Cell culture and clonic techniques. In: Methods in developmental biology (Ed.: F. Wilt, and N. Wessells), pp. 493–530. New York: Thomas Y. Crowell 1968.

    Google Scholar 

  • Cahn, R. D., and R. Lasher: Simultaneous synthesis of DNA and specialized cellular products by differentiating cartilage cells in vitro. Proc. nat. Acad. Sci. (Wash.) 58, 1131–1138 (1967).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Coleman, J.: Symposium presentation at VIII Internation. Congress of Embryology. Interlaken, Switzerland (1967).

    Google Scholar 

  • Coleman, J., and A. W. Coleman: Reversible inhibition of clonal myogenesis bv 5-BUDR. J. Cell Biol. 31, 22A (1966).

    Google Scholar 

  • Coon, H. C.: The retention of differentiated function among clonal and subclonal progeny of precartilage and cartilage cells from chicken embryos. J. Cell Biol. 23, 20A (1964).

    Google Scholar 

  • Coon, H. C.: Clonal stability and phenotypic expression of chick cartilage cells in vitro. Proc. nat. Acad. Sci. (Wash.) 55, 66–73 (1966).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Coon, H. C.: Hybrid cell strain formation by virus-induced fusion of colcemid-arrested metaphases. J. Cell Biol. 35, 27A (1967).

    Google Scholar 

  • Coon, H. C., and R. D. Cahn: Differentiation in vitro. Effects of sephadex fractions of embryo extract. Science 153, 1116–1119 (1966).

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Coon, H. C., and G. Marzullo: Chondroitin sulfate synthesis in clonal cultures of embryonic chick cartilage. Abstract. Seventh Internat. Congr. of Biochem. (1967).

    Google Scholar 

  • Coulombre, A. J.: Correlations of structural and biochemical changes in the developing retina of the chick. Amer. J. Anat. 96, 153–190 (1955).

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Cox, R. P., and C. M. MacLeod: Alkaline phosphatase content and the effects of prednisolone on mammalian cells in culture. J. genet. Physiol. 45, 439–485 (1962).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Davidson, R., and B. Ephrussi: A selective system for the isolation of hybrids between L cells and normal cells. Nature (Lond.) 205, 1170–1171 (1965).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Davies, L. M., J. H. Priest, and R. E. Priest: Collagen synthesis by cells synchronously replicating DNA. Science 159, 91–93 (1967).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Ephrussi, B., and H. M. Temin: Infection of chick iris epithelium with the Rous Sarcoma virus in vitro. Virology 11, 547–552 (1960).

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Ephrussi, B., and M. C. Weiss: Interspecific hybridization of somatic cells. Proc. nat. Acad. Sci. (Wash. 53, 1040–1042 (1965).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Ephrussi, B., and M. C. Weiss: Regulation of the cell cycle in mammalian cells: Inferences and speculations based on observations of interspecific somatic hybrids. In: Control mechanisms in developmental processes (26th Symposium of the Society for Developmental Biology). (Ed.: M. Locke). New York: Academic Press 1968.

    Google Scholar 

  • Fell, H. B.: Personal communication (1967). Green, H., B. Ephrussi, M. Yashida, and D. Hamerman: Synthesis of collagen and hyaluronic acid by fibroblast hybrids. Proc. nat. Acad. Sci. (Wash.) 55, 41–44 (1966).

    Google Scholar 

  • Grobstein, C.: Differentiation of vertebrate cells. In The Cell (Ed.: J. Brachet, and A. Mirsky), Vol. 1, pp. 437–496. New York: Academic Press 1959.

    Google Scholar 

  • Grobstein, C.: Interaction among cells in relation to cytodifferentiation. J. exp. Zool. 157, 121–125 (1964).

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Gurdon, J. B.: The developmental capacity of nuclei taken from intestinal epithelium cells of feeding tadpoles. J. Embryol. exp. Morph. 10, 622–640 (1962).

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Harris, H.: Nuclear ribonucleic acid. Progr. Nucl. Acid Res. 2, 19–59 (1963).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Harris, H.: Behaviour of differentiated nuclei in heterokaryons of animal cells from different species. Nature (Lond.) 206, 583–588 (1965).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Harris, H.: Hybrid cells from mouse and man (Lond.): a study in genetic regulation. Proc. roy. Soc. Ser. B. 166, 358–368 (1966).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Harris, H.: The reactivation of the cell nucleus. J. Cell Sci. 2, 23–32 (1967).

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Harris, H., and J. F. Watkins: Hybrid cells derived from mouse and man: Artificial heterokaryons of mammalian cells from different species. Nature (Lond.) 205, 640–646 (1965).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Harris, H., J. F. Watkins., G. Le M. Campbell, E. P. Evams, and C. E. Ford: Mitosis in hybrid cells derived from mouse and man. Nature (Lond.) 207, 606–608 (1965).

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Harris, H., J. F. Watkins., C. E. Ford, and G. I. Schoefl: Artificial Heterokaryons of animal cells from different species. J. Cell Sci. 1 1–30 (1966).

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Holtzer, H., J. Abbott, J. Lash, and S. Holtzer: The loss of phenotypic trait by differentiated cells in vitro. I. Dedifferentiation of cartilage cells. Proc. nat. Acad. Sci. (Wash.) 46, 1533–1542 (1960).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • King, T. J., and R. Briggs: Transplantation of living nuclei of late gastrula into enucleated eggs of Rana pipiens. J. Embryol. exp. Morph. 2, 73–80 (1954).

    Google Scholar 

  • King, T. J., and R. Briggs: Serial transplantation of embryonic nuclei. Cold Spr. Harb. Symp. quant. Biol. 21, 271–290 (1956).

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Kohne, D.: Symposium presentation at VIII International Congress of Embryology, Interlaken, Switzerland (1967).

    Google Scholar 

  • Lasher, R., and R. Cahn: The effects of 5-BUdR on the differentiation of chondrocytes in vitro. Develop. Biol. (1968) in press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Littlefield, J. W.: Selection of hybride from matings of fibroblasts in vitro and their presumed recombinants. Science 145, 709–710 (1964).

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Manasek, F. J.: Mitosis in developing cardiac muscle. J. Cell Biol. 37, 191–195 (1968).

    Article  PubMed Central  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Marzullo, G., and J. W. Lash: Separation of phosphorylated and UDP derivatives of hexosamines and acetylhexosamines by TLC. Anal. Biochem. 18, 579–582 (1967).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Marzullo, G., and J. W. Lash: Acquisition of the chondrocytic phenotyp. In: Morphological and biochemical aspects of cytodifferentiation. Basel: Karger 1968.

    Google Scholar 

  • Melnykovych, G.: Glucocorticoid-induced resistance to deoxycholate lysis in hela cells. Science 152, 1086–1087 (1966).

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Nameroff, M., and H. Holtzer: Loss of phenotypic traits by differentiated cell. IV. Changes in polysaccharides produced by dividing chondrocytes. Develop. Biol. 16, 250–281 (1967).

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Okada, Y.: Analysis of giant polynuclear cell formation caused by HVJ virus from Ehrlich’s ascites tumor cells. I. Microscopic observation of giant polynuclear cell formation. Exp. Cell Res. 26, 98–107 (1962a).

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Okada, Y.: Analysis of giant polynuclear cell formation caused by HVJ virus from EhrJich’s ascites tumor cells. III. Relationship between cell condition and fusion reaction of cell degeneration reaction. Exp. Cell Res. 26, 119–128 (1962b).

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Okada, Y., and Y. Hosokowa: Isolation of a new variant of HVJ showing low cell fusion activity. Biken J. 4, No. 3, 217–220 (1961).

    Google Scholar 

  • Okada, Y., and F. Murayama: Multinucleated giant cell formation by fusion between cells of different strains. Biken J. 8, 7–12 (1965).

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Okada, Y., and F. Murayama: Requirement of calcium ions for the cell fusion reaction of animal cells by HVJ. Exp. Cell Res. 44, 527–551 (1966).

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Okada, Y., F. Murayama., and K. Yamada: Requirement of energy for the cell fusion reaction of Ehrlich ascites tumor cells by HVJ. Virology 27, 115–130 (1966).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Okada, Y., and J. Tadokoro: Analysis of giant polynuclear cell formation caused by HVJ virus from Ehrlich’s ascites tumor cells. II. Quantitative analysis of giant polynuclear cell formation. Exp. Cell Res. 26, 108–118 (1962).

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Okada, Y., and J. Tadokoro: The distribution of cell fusion capacity among several cell strains of cells caused by HVJ. Exp. Cell Res. 32, 417–430 (1963).

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Okada, Y., K. Yamada, and J. Tadokoro: Effect of antiserum on the cell fusion reaction caused by HVJ. Virology 22, 397–409 (1964).

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Penman, S., C. Vesco, and M. Penman: Localization and kinetics of formation of nuclear heterodisperse RNA, cytoplasmic heterodisperse RNA and polyribosome-associated messenger RNA in HeLa cells. J. molec. Biol. 34, 49–69 (1968).

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Rutter, W. J., W. Ball, W. Bradshaw, W. R. Clark, and T. C. Sanders: Morphological and molecular analogy in cytodifferentiation. In: Secretory mechanisms of salivary glands. (Ed.: L. H. Schneyer, and C. A. Schneyer), pp. 238–253. New York: Academic Press 1967 a.

    Google Scholar 

  • Rutter, W. J., W. Ball, W. Bradshaw, W. R. Clark, and T. G. Sanders: Levels of regulation in cytodifferentiation. In: Experimental Biology and Medizin, Vol. 1, pp. 110–124. Basel-New York: S. Karger 1967 c.

    Google Scholar 

  • Rutter, W. J., W. R. Clark, J. D. Kemp, W. S. Bradshaw, T. G. Sanders, and W. D. Ball: Multiphasic regulation in cytodifferentiation. In: Epithelial-Mesenchymal Interactions. (Ed.: Raul Fleischmajer). Baltimore: Williams & Wilkins 1967b.

    Google Scholar 

  • Schimke, R. T.: The importance of both synthesis and degradation in the control of arginase levels in rat liver. J. biol. Chem. 239, 3808–3817 (1964).

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Schimke, R. T., E. W. Sweeny, and C. M. Berlin: The rolse of synthesis and degradation in the control of rat liver tryptophan purrolase. J. biol. Chem. 240, 322–333 (1965).

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Spemann, H.: Die Entwicklung seitlicher und dorso-ventraler Keimhälften bei verzögerter Kernversorgung. Z. wiss. Zool. 132, 105–134 (1928).

    Google Scholar 

  • Spiegelman, S.: Differentiation as the controlled production of unique enzymatic patterns. Symposia. Soc. exp. Biol. 2, 286–325 (1948).

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Spirin, A. S.: On “masked” forms of messenger RNA in early embryogenesis and in other differentiating systems. In: Current topics in developmental biology (Ed.: A. Monroy, and A. A. Moscona). New York-London: Academic Press 1966.

    Google Scholar 

  • Stockdale, F., K. Okazaki, M. Nameroff, and H. Holtzer: 5-Bromodeoxyuridine: Effect on myogenesis in vitro. Science 146, 533–535 (1964).

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Stockdale, F., W. G. Juergens, and Y. J. Topper: A histological and biochemical study of hormone dependent differentiation of mammary gland tissue in vitro. Develop. Biol. 13, 266–281 (1966).

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Watkins, J. F., and D. M. Grace: Studies on the surface antigens of interspecific mammalian cell heterokaryons. J. Cell Sci. 2, 193–204 (1967).

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Weiss, M. C., and H. Green: Human-mouse cell lines containing partial complements of human chromosomes and functioning human genes. Proc. nat. Acad. Sci. (Wash.) 58, 1104–1111 (1967).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Wessells, N.: Address to VIII Intl. Congress on Embryology, Interlaken, Switzerland (1967).

    Google Scholar 

  • Whittaker, J. R.: Changes in morphogenesis during the dedifferentiation of chick retinal pigment cells in cell culture. Develop. Biol. 8, 99–127 (1963).

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Whittaker, J. R.: Loss of melanotic phenotype in vitro by differentiated retinal pigment cells: Demonstration of mechanisms involved. Develop. Biol. 15, 553–574 (1967).

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 1968 Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg

About this chapter

Cite this chapter

Cahn, R.D. (1968). Factors Affecting Inheritance and Expression of Differentiation: Some Methods of Analysis. In: Ursprung, H. (eds) The Stability of the Differentiated State. Results and Problems in Cell Differentiation, vol 1. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-35089-8_5

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-35089-8_5

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg

  • Print ISBN: 978-3-662-34768-3

  • Online ISBN: 978-3-662-35089-8

  • eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive

Publish with us

Policies and ethics