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Dianthus Species (Carnation): In Vitro Culture and the Biosynthesis of Dianthalexin and Other Secondary Metabolites

  • Chapter
Medicinal and Aromatic Plants VII

Part of the book series: Biotechnology in Agriculture and Forestry ((AGRICULTURE,volume 28))

Abstract

The genus Dianthus comprises a relatively large group of some 300 species, which have attracted attention because of spectacular flower color combinations ranging from white to yellow, red, and deep purple (Helm 1975; Rechinger 1979). Particular morphological traits and pigmentation distinguish Dianthus from other genera within the family Caryophyllaceae, although the evolutionary phyllogenetic background and the subdivision of the genus have remained controversial (Rechinger 1979). The genus was thought to have originated in the Mediterranean hillsites, but is now believed to have inherited traits from various nontropical locations of Europe and Asia (Rechinger 1979). Some species spread along the southeast African continent into South Africa and even into the Far East, which is recognized in their taxonomic designation, D. chinensis being one example. Dianthus generally prefers moderately dry and warm conditions, high light intensities, and mineral-rich soils (Helm 1975: Rechinger 1979), but a few species such as D. alpinus and D. glacialis have managed to colonize rock soils in the Austrian and Italian Alps at 2000 to 2800 m altitude. Crosses between species may occur spontaneously, and numerous hybrids are known to exist in their natural habitat as well as under cultivation (Helm 1975; Rechinger 1979). The plants show perennial growth, but there is a trend towards annual cultivars in breeding for ornamental varieties.

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  1. Plant Biochemistry, Biological Institute II, University of Freiburg, Schaenzlestrasse 1, 79104, Freiburg, Germany

    U. Matern

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    Y. P. S. Bajaj

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Matern, U. (1994). Dianthus Species (Carnation): In Vitro Culture and the Biosynthesis of Dianthalexin and Other Secondary Metabolites. In: Bajaj, Y.P.S. (eds) Medicinal and Aromatic Plants VII. Biotechnology in Agriculture and Forestry, vol 28. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-30369-6_12

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