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Biochemistry and biophysics of viruses

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Handbuch der Virusforschung

Abstract

Studies on the effect of different chemical and physical agents on the activity of viruses were in progress even before viruses were recognized as a separate group of infectious entities and have been continued to the present time. During the earlier work two objectives were sought, one the preparation of immunizing antigens and the other the elucidation of the nature of viruses. These have continued to remain as objectives and recently a third has been added; during the past few years studies on the effect of different agents on viruses have been made with a view towards establishing conditions and reagents that could be used in the purification and concentration of viruses. Considerable difficulty has been encountered, not only during the progress of the studies but also in the interpretation of the results that were obtained. Much of this has been due to the great variation in the physical and chemical properties of the different viruses and to an apparent variation in the properties of the same virus in different preparations. The latter appears to have been due to the presence of varying amounts of extraneous material in the different virus preparations. For a great many years the presence of extraneous material made it impossible to be certain that any given physical or chemical property was one of the virus itself. This point is discussed at somewhat greater length in the third section of this chapter. Recently the effect of enzymes on viruses has been studied in an effort to learn something of their nature. However, until very recently only crude enzyme preparations containing a mixture of materials were available, and there is considerable doubt concerning the significance of results obtained with such preparations, for Pirie’s work indicates that the inaetivation of some viruses was due to extraneous material rather than to the enzymes. The isolation within the past few years of several enzymes in crystalline and apparently pure form has made it possible to study more accurately the effect of enzymes on viruses.

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  1. The Rockefeller Institute for Medical Research, Princeton, New Jersey, USA

    W. M. Stanley

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Dieses Kapitel ist Teil des Digitalisierungsprojekts Springer Book Archives mit Publikationen, die seit den Anfängen des Verlags von 1842 erschienen sind. Der Verlag stellt mit diesem Archiv Quellen für die historische wie auch die disziplingeschichtliche Forschung zur Verfügung, die jeweils im historischen Kontext betrachtet werden müssen. Dieses Kapitel ist aus einem Buch, das in der Zeit vor 1945 erschienen ist und wird daher in seiner zeittypischen politisch-ideologischen Ausrichtung vom Verlag nicht beworben.

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Stanley, W.M. (1938). Biochemistry and biophysics of viruses. In: Doerr, R., et al. Handbuch der Virusforschung. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-25608-4_6

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