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Involvement of c-myc in Human Cancers

  • Chapter
c-Myc Function in Neoplasia

Part of the book series: Medical Intelligence Unit ((MIU.LANDES))

Abstract

After 400 million years of evolutionary selection pressures and spontaneous order through the force of self-organization, the genome of organisms is safeguarded by complex systems of regulatory molecules from lethal environmental damages. Only over the past century, the by-products of civilization and luxury have infiltrated these safeguards. Certain environmental exposures, such as radiation and smoking among others, have clearly been implicated for their ability to induce human cancers. Cancer has also been shown to have a hereditary component as well, since first recognized in the family histories of cancer patients and now confirmed by the identification of germline neoplastic mutations. Virtually all conceivable alterations of DNA have been detected in human cancers. These include gene amplifications, deletions, point mutations, or translocations that affect gene expression. Recently, alterations in the DNA damage repair machinery are recognized as hallmarks of human cancers.1 It is currently thought that genetic alterations involved in human cancers result in several possible biological outcomes that contribute to the malignant phenotype. Since the normal signal transduction pathways may influence cell proliferation positively through expression of proto-oncogenes or negatively through expression of tumor suppressor genes, loss of tumor suppressor gene function or gain of proto-oncogene activity are expected to contribute to most of the genetic alterations in cancers. Other genetic alterations leading to the ability of cancer cells to metastasize are also expected to play a prominent role after transformed cells have acquired a growth advantage over their normal counterpart.

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  1. School of Medicine, The Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, USA

    Chi V. Dang M.D., Ph.D. & Linda A. Lee M.D.

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© 1995 Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg

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Dang, C.V., Lee, L.A. (1995). Involvement of c-myc in Human Cancers. In: c-Myc Function in Neoplasia. Medical Intelligence Unit. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-22681-0_5

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-22681-0_5

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