Abstract
From an early stage the science of biology has been intensively concerned with the ability of plants and animals to adapt themselves to the spatial conditions of their environment. Adaptations to the timing order of their environment were analysed less thoroughly, although we know from many observations in ecology how astonishing these adaptations can be. They are concerned with the subordination to the cycles of day and night, to the seasonal changes, and even to the tides or to the alternations of spring tide and neap tide which are connected to the phases of the moon. Such orientations are equally important to both plants and animals.
“That period of twenty-four hours, formed by the regular revolution of our earth, in which all its inhabitants partake, is particularly distinguished in the physical oeconomy of man ... It is, as it were, the unity of our natural chronology.” C. W. Hufeland, The Art of Prolonging Life. Second English translation. London 1797.
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Bünning, E. (1964). Introduction. In: The Physiological Clock. Heidelberg Science Library. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-22511-0_1
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