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Präoperative („neoadjuvante“) Chemotherapie bei lokal fortgeschrittenen Magenkarzinomen

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Zusammenfassung

Die Prognose des Magenkarzinoms ist weiterhin besonders ungünstig. Die Chirurgie kann nur bei einem kleinen Teil der Patienten eine Heilung bzw. ein längerfristiges krankheitsfreies Überleben erzielen, da die meisten Magenkarzinome in weit fortgeschrittenen Tumorstadien diagnostiziert werden. Mehr als 85% aller Patienten mit einem neu diagnostizierten Magenkarzinom sterben an einem irresek-tablen lokalen Tumor und/oder Fernmetastasen. Aus diesem Grund ist die Chemotherapie die Behandlung der Wahl bei fortgeschrittenen Magenkarzinomen entweder alleine oder in Kombination mit Chirurgie und/oder Strahlentherapie. Mit häufiger verwendeten Chemotherapieprotokollen wie FAM [1–15], FAB [16–20], und FAP [21–28] werden objektive Ansprechraten von etwa 30–40% erzielt, jedoch selten komplette Remissionen (<5%). In einer Phase-II-Studie mit der Kombination Etoposid/Adriamycin/Cisplatin (EAP) wurde eine Ansprechrate von 73% einschließlich 21% kompletter Remissionen bei 56 Patienten mit fortgeschrittenem Magenkarzinom erreicht [29]. Der Vergleich von EAP mit anderen Kombinationen (FAM, FAB, FAP), die beim Magenkarzinom häufiger eingesetzt werden, zeigt, daß EAP eine höhere Wirksamkeit haben könnte. In dieser Studie wurde bei 6/12 Patienten mit einem nur lokal fortgeschrittenen Magenkarzinom eine komplette Remission induziert. Darüber hinaus konnte gezeigt werden, daß bei einer durch EAP induzierten objektiven Remission eine radikale Resektion von residuellem Tumor möglich wurde.

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© 1989 Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg

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Wilke, H. et al. (1989). Präoperative („neoadjuvante“) Chemotherapie bei lokal fortgeschrittenen Magenkarzinomen. In: Hotz, J., et al. Magenkarzinom. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-22121-1_15

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-22121-1_15

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg

  • Print ISBN: 978-3-540-19001-1

  • Online ISBN: 978-3-662-22121-1

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