Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

Electro-Optic Modulators

  • Chapter
Book cover Integrated Optics: Theory and Technology

Part of the book series: Springer Series in Optical Sciences ((SSOS,volume 33))

Abstract

This chapter begins the discussion of optical-signal modulation and switching. In many cases, the same device can function as either a modulator or a switch, depending on the strength of the interaction between the optical waves and the controlling electrical signal, as well as on the arrangement of input and output ports. The device is considered to be a modulator if its primary function is to impress information on a light wave by temporaly varying one of its properties. A switch, on the other hand, changes the spatial position of the light, or else turns it off and on. Many of the same factors must be considered in designing or evaluating both modulators and switches. Hence, it is logical to discuss them together.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Log in via an institution
Chapter
USD 29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD 74.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

Preview

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

References

  1. D. A. Pinnow: IEEE J. QE-6, 223 (1970)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  2. J.M. Hammer: “Modulation and Switching of Light in Dielectric Waveguides” in Integrated Optics, 2nd ed., ed. by T. Tamir, Topics Appl. Phys., Vol. 7, (Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg, New York 1979) p. 142

    Google Scholar 

  3. See, for example, A. Yariv: Introduction to Optical Electronics, 2nd ed., (Holt, Rine-hart, Winston, New York 1976) pp. 246–253

    Google Scholar 

  4. See, for example, J.F. Nye: Physical Properties of Crystals (Oxford, New York 1957) p. 123

    MATH  Google Scholar 

  5. S. Namba: J. Opt. Soc. Am. 51, 76 (1961)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  6. D. Hall, A. Yariv, E. Garmie: Appl. Phys. Lett. 17, 127 (1970)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  7. L. P. Kaminow, J.R. Carruthers, E.H. Turner, L.W. Stultz: Appl. Phys. Lett. 22, 240 (1973)

    Google Scholar 

  8. L. P. Kaminow, V. Ramaswamy, R.V. Schmidt, F.H. Turner: Appl. Phys. Lett. 24, 622 (1974)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  9. I. P. Kaminow, L. W. Stultz, E. H. Turner: Appl. Phys. Lett. 27, 555 (1975)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  10. J.C. Campbell, F.A. Blum, D.W. Shaw: Appl. Phys. Lett. 26, 640 (1975)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  11. M. Kawabe, S. Hirata, S. Namba: IEEE Trans. CAS-26, 1109 (1979)

    Google Scholar 

  12. See, for example, J.I. Pankove: Optical Processes in Semiconductors (Prentice Hall, Englewood Cliffs, NJ 1971) p. 29

    Google Scholar 

  13. B. G. Streetman: Solid State Electronic Devices, 2nd ed. (Prentice Hall, Englewood Cliffs, NJ 1980) pp. 297–300

    Google Scholar 

  14. V.S. Vavilov: Sov. Phys.-Uspekhi 4, 761 (1962)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  15. F.K. Reinhart: Appl. Phys. Lett. 22, 372 (1973)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  16. J.C. Campbell, J.C. DeWinter, M.A. Pollack, R.E. Nahory: “Buried Heterojunction Electroabsorption Modulator”, Digest of Technical Papers, OSA Topical Meeting on Integrated and Guided Wave Optics, Salt Lake City, UT (16–18, January 1978)

    Google Scholar 

  17. A. Yariv: IEEE J. QE-9, 919 (1975)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  18. E.A. J. Marcatili: Bell Syst. Techn. J. 48, 2130 (1969)

    Google Scholar 

  19. S. Somekh, E. Garmire, A. Yariv, H.L. Garvin, R.G. Hunsperger: Appl. Phys. Lett. 22, 46(1973)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  20. S. Somekh, E. Garmire, A. Yariv, H.L. Garvin, R.G. Hunsperger: Appl. Opt. 13, 327 (1974)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  21. H. F. Taylor: J. Appl. Phys. 44, 3257 (1973)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  22. J. C. Campbell, F. A. Blum, D. W. Shaw, K. L. Lawley: Appl. Phys. Lett. 27, 202 (1975)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  23. M. Papuchon, Y. Combernale, X. Mathieu, D.B. Ostrowsky, L. Reiber, A.M. Roy, B. Séjourne, M. Werner: Appl. Phys. Lett. 27, 289 (d)

    Google Scholar 

  24. M. Papuchon: “Switching and Coupling in Ti:LiNbO3 Waveguides”, Digest of Technical Papers, OSA Topical Meeting on Integrated Optics, Salt Lake City, UT (12–14, January 1976)

    Google Scholar 

  25. H Kogelnik, R. V. Schmidt: Appl. Phys. Lett. 28, 503 (1976)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  26. H. Kogelnik, R. V. Schmidt: IEEE J. QE-12, 396 (1976)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  27. R. V. Schmidt, L.L. Buhl: Electron. Lett. 12, 575 (1976)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  28. R. A. Steinberg, T. G. Giallorenzi: IEEE J. QE-13, 122 (1977)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  29. R. A. Steinberg, T. G. Giallorenzi, R. G. Priest: Appl. Opt. 16, 2166 (1977)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  30. F. Zernike: “Integrated Optic Switch”, Digest of Technical Papers, OSA Topical Meeting on Integrated Optics, New Orleans, LA (21 – 24, January 1974)

    Google Scholar 

  31. W. E. Martin: Appl. Phys. Lett. 26, 562 (1975)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  32. Y. Omachi, J. Noda: Appl. Phys. Lett. 27, 544 (1975)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  33. V. Ramaswami, M. D. Divino, R. D. Standley: Appl. Phys. Lett. 32, 644 (1978)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  34. See, for example, S. Wang: Solid State Electronics (McGraw-Hill, New York 1966) p. 5

    Google Scholar 

  35. J. M. Hammer: “Modulation and Switching of Light in Dielectric Waveguides” in Integrated Optics, 2nd. ed., ed. by T. Tamir, Topics Phys., Vol. 7 (Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg, New York 1979) p. 182

    Google Scholar 

  36. J. M. Hammer: Appl. Phys. Lett. 18, 147 (1971)

    Article  MathSciNet  ADS  Google Scholar 

  37. D.P. GiaRusso, J.H. Harris: Appl. Opt. 10, 2786 L (1971)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  38. J.M. Hammer, D. J. Channin, M.T. Duffy: Appl. Phys. Lett. 23, 176 (1973)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  39. J.M. Hammer, W. Phillips: Appl. Phys. Lett. 24, 545 (1974)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  40. Y. Lee, S. Wang: Appl. Opt. 15, 1565 (1976)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  41. J. C. An, Y. Cho, Y. Matsuo: IEEE J. QE-13, 206 (1977)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  42. G. L. Tangonan, L. Persechini, J. F. Lotspeich, M. K. Barnoski: Appl. Opt. 17, 3259 (1978)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  43. C.S. Tsai, B. Kim, F. R. El-Akkari: IEEE J. QE-14, 513 (1978)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  44. S. K. Sheem: Appl. Opt. 17, 3679 (1978)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Electrical Engineering, University of Delaware, 122 Du Pont Hall, 19716, Newark, DE, USA

    Professor Robert G. Hunsperger Ph.D.

Authors
  1. Professor Robert G. Hunsperger Ph.D.
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 1984 Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg

About this chapter

Cite this chapter

Hunsperger, R.G. (1984). Electro-Optic Modulators. In: Integrated Optics: Theory and Technology. Springer Series in Optical Sciences, vol 33. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-13565-5_8

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-13565-5_8

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg

  • Print ISBN: 978-3-662-13567-9

  • Online ISBN: 978-3-662-13565-5

  • eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive

Publish with us

Policies and ethics

Search

Navigation