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Hypoxemic Respiratory Failure

  • Conference paper
Yearbook of Intensive Care and Emergency Medicine 1997

Part of the book series: Yearbook of Intensive Care and Emergency Medicine ((YEARBOOK,volume 1997))

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Abstract

It is often difficult to maintain adequate arterial oxygenation in patients with acute lung injury (ALI) and acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). Because arteriovenous shunt is usually the main cause of hypoxemia in these patients, increases in FiO2 alone frequently fail to raise PaO2 to satisfactory levels. Moreover, high FiO2’s may cause oxygen toxicity, contributing to ALI. The application of positive end-expiratory pressure (PEEP) may recruit some previously atelectatic regions of lung [1] or redistribute extravascular lung water away from alveolar spaces [2]. However, PEEP may contribute to high airway pressures and the potential for volutrauma. Therefore, there is great interest in developing methods of respiratory support that may achieve adequate arterial oxygenation at lower levels of airway pressure and FiO2.

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Authors
  1. R. G. Brower
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  2. H. E. Fessler
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  3. C. Shanholtz
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Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Intensive Care, Erasme Hospital, Free University of Brussels, Route de Lennik 808, B-1070, Brussels, Belgium

    Jean-Louis Vincent (Clinical Director) (Clinical Director)

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© 1997 Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg

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Brower, R.G., Fessler, H.E., Shanholtz, C. (1997). Hypoxemic Respiratory Failure. In: Vincent, JL. (eds) Yearbook of Intensive Care and Emergency Medicine 1997. Yearbook of Intensive Care and Emergency Medicine, vol 1997. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-13450-4_45

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-13450-4_45

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg

  • Print ISBN: 978-3-662-13452-8

  • Online ISBN: 978-3-662-13450-4

  • eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive

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