Abstract
In the preceding three chapters we studied the characteristics of bolted joints where the axial separating force due to internal pressure is counteracted by preloading the bolts. The bolts must have sufficient “pull” to oppose the axial pressure load, and to provide sufficient residual pressure on the gasket to effect the seal. Such bolted joints find wide use in the pressure vessel industry from low pressure to medium pressure applications. Since the thickness of the flat cover increases directly in proportion to the product of the shell diameter and the square root of the pressure, bolted flange closures become quite heavy and unwieldy as the pressure and diameter of the vessel increase. The number and diameter of bolts required to provide the necessary preload (Section 3.7) may exceed what can be arranged on the minimum circumferential pitch (set to accommodate a box wrench) on the bolt circle. This may necessitate two bolt circles, increased moment arms, and therefore, even heavier designs. It may be advisable, therefore, to explore “boltless” flange design “whenever the pressure/diameter combination is such that the shell thickness exceeds 1.5”.
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References
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© 1984 Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg
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Singh, K.P., Soler, A.I. (1984). Joints for High Pressure Closures. In: Mechanical Design of Heat Exchangers. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-12441-3_6
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-12441-3_6
Publisher Name: Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg
Print ISBN: 978-3-662-12443-7
Online ISBN: 978-3-662-12441-3
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