Abstract
Bituminous materials are dark brown or black, semi-solid or liquid, thermoplastic mixtures of hydrocarbons derived from natural or synthetic processes in which hydrocarbon mixtures have lost their volatile components leaving a denser residue. Natural bitumens come from exposed and weathered petroleum and rock deposits. Synthetic bitumens come from the residue remaining after the distillation of petroleum, coal tar, and other organic materials like wood and peat. The complexity of the high molecular weight hydrocarbon oils and resins bitumens contain make complete chemical characterization impossible. The terms bitumen, tar (8007-45-2), pitch (61789-60-4), and asphalt (8052-42-4) apply to any of these substances, although pitch and tar also describe the sticky resins that exude from various trees.
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Fox, M.A. (1999). Bituminous Products. In: Glossary for the Worldwide Transportation of Dangerous Goods and Hazardous Materials. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-11890-0_11
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-11890-0_11
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