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α1-Adrenergic Coronary Constriction during Exercise and Ischemia

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Adrenergic Mechanisms in Myocardial Ischemia

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Summary

This paper reviews work primarily from our laboratories, examining an α1 -adrenergic receptor-mediated coronary constriction during exercise and myocardial ischemia in dogs. It was demonstrated that in the quiescent conscious dog, the coronary circulation is devoid of an α1 -coronary constriction. Furthermore, it was shown by the intracoronary injection of selective agonists that both α1 - and α2-receptor subtypes are present in coronary vessels. However, during exercise or ischemia only the selective α1 -antagonist prazosin caused an increase in coronary inflow, indicating that only α1-receptors were activated. During both conditions, the increase in flow caused by α1 -blockade was associated with an increased contractile function in subendocardium. In experiments on anesthetized dogs, it was shown that prazosin caused an equal increase in perfusion of subepicardial and subendocardial layers during stellate ganglion stimulation. However, contractile function was increased only in subendocardium. It was proposed that only in deeper muscle layers does an α1 -coronary constriction impose a flow-limitation on contractile function. Finally, recent results indicate that myocardial ischemia, produced either by partial coronary stenosis or by maintenance of coronary inflow at the resting level during exercise, may initiate a vicious cycle with a further increase in α1 -adrenergic coronary constriction. Abolition of this positive feedback mechanism may partially explain the anti-infarction effects of chronic ventricular sympathectomy, as previously observed in our laboratories.

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Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Physiology, Texas College of Osteopathic Medicine, 3500 Camp Bowie Blvd., Fort Worth, Texas, 76107-2690, USA

    Dr. Carl E. Jones (Professor and Chairman) & P. A. Gwirtz

Authors
  1. Dr. Carl E. Jones
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  2. P. A. Gwirtz
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Gerd Heusch John Ross Jr.

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© 1991 Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg

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Jones, C.E., Gwirtz, P.A. (1991). α1-Adrenergic Coronary Constriction during Exercise and Ischemia. In: Heusch, G., Ross, J. (eds) Adrenergic Mechanisms in Myocardial Ischemia. Steinkopff, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-11038-6_15

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-11038-6_15

  • Publisher Name: Steinkopff, Heidelberg

  • Print ISBN: 978-3-662-11040-9

  • Online ISBN: 978-3-662-11038-6

  • eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive

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