Skip to main content

Polycrystalline Silicon Films for Electronic Devices

  • Chapter
Silicon

Abstract

Polycrystalline silicon (poly-Si) plays an important role in the electronic devices of today. Several advantages are offered by poly-Si, which makes it one of the most important fundamental developments in the history of integrated circuits. First, from a structural point of view, poly-Si matches the mechanical properties of single-crystal Si, has good step coverage if deposited by CVD, has a high melting point, forms an adherent oxide, and is compatible with HF. From the device fabrication side, it absorbs and re-emits dopants, it neutralizes heavy metals (gettering), it has a compatible work function for MOS devices, and it forms high-conductivity silicides.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Chapter
USD 29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD 129.00
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD 169.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info
Hardcover Book
USD 169.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Durable hardcover edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

Preview

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

References

  1. T. Kamins. In: Polycrystalline Silicon for Integrated Circuit Applications, Book serie vol. 45, ed. by Kluwer Academic Publishers (Kluwer Academic, Boston 1988 )

    Google Scholar 

  2. p. 235 of [1]; see also articles in: Flat Panel Display Materials I,MRS Proc., vol. 345 (1994); Flat Panel Display Materials II,MRS Proc., vol. 424 (1996); Advanced Materials and Devices for Large-Area Electronics,MRS Proc., vol. 685 (2001)

    Google Scholar 

  3. J.H. Werner, R. Bergmann, R. Brendel. In: Advances in Solid State Physics, vol. 34, ed. by R. Helbig ( Vieweg, Braunschweig 1994 ) p. 115

    Google Scholar 

  4. p. 246 of [1]

    Google Scholar 

  5. K. Ikeda. In: Technical Digest of the 7th Sensor Symposium (JISCST, Tokyo 1988) p. 193; see articles in: Materials Science of Microelectrochemical Systems, MRS Proc., vol. 657 (2001)

    Google Scholar 

  6. E.C. Douglas: Solid State Technol. 24, 65 (1981)

    Google Scholar 

  7. J.G. Blake, M.C. King, J.D. Stevens, R. Young: Solid State Technol. 40(5), 15 (1999)

    Google Scholar 

  8. R.B. Bergmann: Appl. Phys. A 69, 187 (1999)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  9. A. Slaoui, J. Poortmans, T. Vermeulen, R. Monna, O. Evrard, K. Said, J. Nijs: J. Mater. Res. 13, 2763 (1998)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  10. R.T. Howe: Thin Solid Films 181, 235 (1989)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  11. S. Sivaram. In: Chemical Vapor Deposition ( International Thomson, New York 1995 )

    Google Scholar 

  12. M.L. Hammond. In: Silicon Processing, ed. by D.C. Gupta (ASTM, Boston 1983 ) p. 206

    Google Scholar 

  13. See multiple papers In: Rapid Thermal Annealing/Chemical Vapor Deposition, and Integrated Processing,MRS symposia, vols. 146 (1989), 224 (1992), 342 (1994), 387 (1995), 429 (1996)

    Google Scholar 

  14. J.F. Gibbons, C.M. Gronet, K.E. Williams: Appl. Phys. Lett. 47, 721 (1985)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  15. D. Angermeier: PhD dissertation, Louis Pasteur University, Strasbourg, France (1998)

    Google Scholar 

  16. A. Van Zutphen: PhD dissertation, Technische Universiteit Delft, The Netherlands (2001)

    Google Scholar 

  17. F.C. Everssteyn, B.H. Put: J. Electrochem. Soc. 120, 106 (1973)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  18. A.M. Beers, J. Bloem: Appl. Phys. Lett. 41, 153 (1982)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  19. R. Bisaro, P.N Magarino, K. Zellama: J. Appl. Phys. 59(4) 1167 (1986) p.

    Google Scholar 

  20. C.P. Ho, J.D. Plummer, S.E. Hansen, R.W. Dutto: IEEE Trans. Electron Devices 30, 1438 (1983)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  21. T.I. Kamins: J. Electrochem. Soc. 127, 833 (1980)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  22. T.I. Kamins, M.M. Mandurah, K.C. Saraswat: J. Electrochem. Soc. 125, 927 (1978)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  23. J. Bloem: J. Cryst. Growth 50, 581 (1980)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  24. A. Slaoui, J. Poortmans, M. Maex. In: Growth, Characterization, and Electronic Applications of Si-Based Thin Films, ed. by R.B. Bergmann ( Research Signpost, Trivandrum, India 2002 ) p. 147

    Google Scholar 

  25. R. Bisaro, P.N. Magarino, K. Zellama: J. Appl. Phys. 59, 1167 (1986)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  26. D. Angermeier, R. Monna, A. Slaoui, J.C. Muller: J. Cryst. Growth 191, 386 (1998)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  27. K. Fujimoto, F. Nakabeppu, Y. Sogawa, Y. Okayasu, K. Kumagai. In: Proc. 23rd IEEE Photovolt. Spec. Conf. ( Electron Device Society, New York 1993 ) p. 83

    Google Scholar 

  28. O. Vetterl, P. Hapke, O. Kluth, A. Lambertz, S. Wieder, B. Rech, F. Finger, W. Wagner: Solid State Phenomena 67–68, 101 (1999)

    Google Scholar 

  29. S. Veprek, V. Marecek: Solid State Electron. 11, 683 (1998)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  30. S. Veprek, M. Heintze, F.A. Sarott, M. Jurcik-Rajman, P. Willmott: Mater. Res. Soc. Proc. 118, 3 (1988)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  31. N. Wyrsch, P. Torres, M. Goerlitzer, E. Vallat, U. Kroll, A. Shah: Solid State Phenomena 67–68, 89 (1999)

    Google Scholar 

  32. J.K. Rath, H. Meiling, R.E.I. Schropp: Jpn. J. Appl. Phys. 36, 475 (1997)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  33. H.N. Wanka, M.B. Schubert, A. Hierzenberger, V. Baunmung. In: 14th European Photovolt. Solar Energy Conf., Barcelona (1997)

    Google Scholar 

  34. M. Ichikawa, J. Takeshita, T. Tsushima, A. Yamada, M. Konagai. In: Technical Digest of the International PVSEC-11,Sapporo (1999) p. 943

    Google Scholar 

  35. R.E.I. Schropp. In: Thin Film Materials for Photovoltaics, ed. by A. Slaoui, J. Poortmans, A. Jager-Waldau, C. Brabec, EMRS 2001 Spring Conference, Thin Solid Films 403–404, 17 (2002)

    Google Scholar 

  36. P. Muller, I. Beckers, E. Conrad, L. Wistner, W. Fuhs. In: 25th Photovolt. Spec. Conf., ( Electron Device Society, New York 1996 ) p. 673

    Google Scholar 

  37. K.E. Lee, W.H. Lee, S.S. Shin, C. Lee: Jpn. J. Appl. Phys. 35, 258 (1996)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  38. R. Rogel, K. Kission, T. Mohammed-Brahim, M. Sarret, O. Bonnaud, J.P. Kleider. In: 2nd World Conf. and Exhibition on Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conversion, Vienna (1998) p. 1701

    Google Scholar 

  39. B. Caussat, J.P. Couderc, A. Figueras, A. Vander Lee, J. Durand, V. Paillard, E. Sheid, J.R. Morante: Solid State Phenomena 67–68, 125 (1999)

    Google Scholar 

  40. S. Wagner, H. Gleskova, I.C. Cheng, M. Wu. In: Growth, Characterization, and Electronic Applications of Si-Based Thin Films, ed. by R.B. Bergmann ( Research Signpost, Trivandrum, India 2002 ) p. 1

    Google Scholar 

  41. T. Ishihara: ibid., p. 79

    Google Scholar 

  42. G.L. Olson, J.A. Roth: Mater. Sci. Rep. 3, 1 (1988)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  43. R.B. Bergmann, F.G. Shi, H.J. Queisser, J.Krinke: Appl. Surf. Sci. 123/124, 376 (1998); H. Kumoni, F.G. Shi: Phys. Rev. Lett. 82, 2717 (1999)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  44. P. Kwizera, R. Reif: Appl. Phys. Lett. 41, 379 (1982)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  45. Y. Komem, I.W. Hall; J. Appl. Phys. 52 (11), 6655 (1981)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  46. S.Y. Yoon, K.H. Kim, C.O. Kim, J.Y. Oh, J. Jang: J. Appl. Phys. 82, 5865 (1997)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  47. H. Liu, S.J. Fonash: Appl. Phys. Lett. 62, 2554 (1992)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  48. S.Y. Yoon, K.H. Kim, J.Y. Oh, J. Jang: Jpn. J. Appl. Phys. 37, 7193 (1998)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  49. H.A. Atwater, C.M. Chen. In: Growth, Characterization, and Electronic Applications of Si-Based Thin Films, ed. by R.B. Bergmann ( Research Signpost, Trivandrum, India 2002 ) p. 55

    Google Scholar 

  50. J. Jang, J.Y. Oh, S.Y. Yoon, K.H. Kim, C.O. Kim: Nature 395, 481 (1998)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  51. O. Nast, T. Puzzer, L.M. Koschier, A.B. Sproul, S.R. Wenham: Appl. Phys. Lett. 73, 3214 (1998)

    Google Scholar 

  52. A. Slaoui, E. Pihan, M. Rusu. In: 17th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conf., Munich (October 2001) p. 1462

    Google Scholar 

  53. O. Nast, S. Brehme, S. Pritchard, A. Aberle, S.R. Wenham. In: Technical Digest of the International PVSEC-11,Sapporo (1999) p. 727

    Google Scholar 

  54. J.R. Köhler. In: Growth, Characterization, and Electronic Applications of Si-Based Thin Films, ed. by R.B. Bergmann ( Research Signpost, Trivandrum, India 2002 ) p. 39

    Google Scholar 

  55. R.S. Sposili, J.S. Im: Appl. Phy. Lett. 69 (19), 2864 (1996)

    Google Scholar 

  56. G. Andra, J. Bergmann, F. Falk, E. Ose, N.D. Sinh. In: Technical Digest of the International PVSEC-11,Saporro (1999) p. 741

    Google Scholar 

  57. Y. Helen, R. Dassow, M. Nerding, K. Mourgues, F. Raoult, J.R. Köhler, T. Mohammed-Brahim: Thin Solid Films 383, 143 (2001)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  58. R.B. Bergmann, J.H. Werner. In: Thin Film Materials for Photovoltaics, ed. by A. Slaoui, J. Poortmans, A. Jager-Waldau, C. Brabec, EMRS 2001 Spring Conference (Elsevier, Amsterdam 2002 ) p. 162

    Google Scholar 

  59. S. McKernan, C.B. Carter: Solid State Phenomena 37–38, 67 (1994)

    Google Scholar 

  60. C.R.M. Grovenor: J. Phys. C 18, 4079 (1985)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  61. L.L. Kazmerski, J. Vac: Sci. Technol. A 4, 1638 (1986); G. Harbeke: Polycrystalline Semiconductors ( Springer, Berlin 1985 )

    Google Scholar 

  62. F. Battistella, A. Rocher, A. George: Mater. Res. Soc. Symp. Proc. 59 347 (1986); B. Cunningham, H.P. Strunk, D.G. Ast: J. de Physique 43 (C-1), 51 (1982)

    Google Scholar 

  63. D.S. Ginley: Appl. Phys. Lett. 39, 624 (1881); F. Komninou, T. Karakostas, G.L. Bleris: J. de Physique 43 (C-1), 9 (1982)

    Google Scholar 

  64. C.R.M. Grovenor: Philos. Mag. A 50, 409 (1984)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  65. N.M. Johnson, D.K. Biegelsen, M.D. Moyer: Appl. Phys. Lett. 40, 882 (1982); C. Dianteill, A. Rocher: J. de Physique 43(C-1), 75 (1982)

    Google Scholar 

  66. L.L. Kazmerski, J.R. Dick: J. Vac. Sci. Technol. A 4, 1120 (1984)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  67. A.W. Weeber, H.H.C. de Moor, R.A. Steeman, W.C. Sinke, F.M. Schuurmans, P.-P. Michiels, L.A. Verhoef, P.F.A. Alkemade, E. Algra: Solid State Phenomena 37–38, 355 (1994); N.H. Nickel, N.M. Johnson, W.B. Jackson: Solid State Phenomena 37–38, 367 (1994)

    Google Scholar 

  68. G. Yaron: Solid State Electron. 22, 1017 (1979)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  69. B. Arab: Sol. Energy Mater. Sol. Cells 37, 239 (1995)

    Google Scholar 

  70. A. O’Neill, C. Hill, J. King, C. Please: J. Appl. Phys. 64, 167 (1987)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  71. G. Beaucarne, S. Bourdais, A. Slaoui, J. Poortmans: Proceedings of the 28th IEEE Photovoltaic Specialists Conference, Anchorage (2000) p. 128

    Google Scholar 

  72. E. Christoffel, M. Rusu, A. Zerga, S. Bourdais, S. Noël, A. Slaoui: Thin Solid Films 403–404, 258 (2002)

    Google Scholar 

  73. H.C. Card, E.S. Yang: IEEE Trans. Electron Devices 24(4), 397 (1977)

    Google Scholar 

  74. J.H. Werner, N.E. Christensen. In: Polycrystalline Semiconductors II, ed. by J.H. Werner, H.P. Strunk, Springer Proceedings in Physics, vol. 54 ( Springer, Berlin 1991 ) p. 145

    Google Scholar 

  75. J.H. Werner, R. Dassow, T.J. Rinke, J.R. Köhler, R.B. Bergmann: Thin Solid Films 383, 95 (2001)

    Google Scholar 

  76. C.H. Seager, T.G. Castner: J. Appl. Phys. 49 (7), 3879 (1978)

    Google Scholar 

  77. S. Bourdais, G. Beaucarne, J. Poortmans, A. Slaoui: Physica B, Condens. Matter 273, 544 (1999)

    Google Scholar 

  78. M.W.M. Graef, J. Bloem, L.J. Gilling, J.R. Monkowski, J.W.0 Maes: Proc. 2nd EC PVSEC, Luxembourg (1979) p. 65

    Google Scholar 

  79. M.E. Cowher, T.O. Sedgick: J. Electrochem. Soc. 119, 1565 (1972)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  80. J.Y.W. Seto: J. Appl. Phys. 46, 5247 (1975)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  81. T.I. Kamins: J. Appl. Phys. 42, 4357 (1971)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  82. M.W.M. Graef, L.J. Gilling: J. Appl. Phys. 48, 3937 (1977)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  83. A.M. Barnett, R.B. Hall, J.A. Rand, C.L. Kendall, D.H. Ford: Sol. Energy Mater. 23, 164 (1991)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

Download references

Authors

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 2004 Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg

About this chapter

Cite this chapter

Slaoui, A., Siffert, P. (2004). Polycrystalline Silicon Films for Electronic Devices. In: Siffert, P., Krimmel, E.F. (eds) Silicon. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-09897-4_4

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-09897-4_4

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg

  • Print ISBN: 978-3-642-07356-4

  • Online ISBN: 978-3-662-09897-4

  • eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive

Publish with us

Policies and ethics