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Therapie endokrinologischer Erkrankungen

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Praktische Arzneitherapie

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Zusammenfassung

Schilddrüsenhormone sind pleiotrope Wirkstoffe, die durch ihren modulierenden Einfluss auf nahezu alle Steuerungsvorgänge des Körpers von vitaler Bedeutung sind. Sie gehören der Gruppe der Steroidhormone an und üben ihre Wirkung über spezifische nukleäre Rezeptoren für Trijodthyronin (T3) aus. Thyroxin (T4), als wichtigstes Sekretionsprodukt der Schilddrüse, enthält vier Jodatome. Durch ein hochspezifisches System zur Aufnahme von Jod wird das Spurenelement Jod in die Schilddrüse aufgenommen und bei der Synthese von Schilddrüsenhormonen in T4 und T3 eingebaut. Jod beeinflusst allerdings nicht nur die Synthese von Schilddrüsenhormonen, sondern auch deren Sekretion und hat entscheidende Bedeutung für die Regulation des Wachstums der Drüse. In den Zielorganen wird T4 durch Abspaltung eines Jodrestes in das eigentlich bioaktive T3 umgewandelt. Diese Dejodinierung erfolgt mit Hilfe eines gewebsspezifischen Enzyms, einer Dejodase. T3 bildet mit einer Reihe anderer Transkriptionsfaktoren Homo- oder Heterodimere, über die eine schilddrüsenspezifische Genregulation gesteuert wird [1–4].

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  1. G. Brabant
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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Institut für Klinische Pharmakologie, Medizinische Hochschule Hannover, Carl-Neuberg-Str. 1, D-30623, Hannover, Deutschland

    J. C. Frölich

  2. Medizinische Fakultät, Institut für klinische Pharmakologie, Technische Universität Dresden, Fiedlerstr. 27, D-01307, Dresden, Deutschland

    W. Kirch

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Brabant, G. (2003). Therapie endokrinologischer Erkrankungen. In: Frölich, J.C., Kirch, W. (eds) Praktische Arzneitherapie. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-09397-9_17

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