Abstract
The combination of different substances into multi-component systems yields a large number of different phase diagrams The complex variety of phase diagrams is, however, conditioned only by the interaction of a few factors. Experience shows, that certain types of phase diagrams can be found in very different groups of substances. Simple eutectic systems can, for example, be found in the combination of two metals, two salts or two organic compounds.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Preview
Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.
References
Citations
R. Hultgren, P.D. Desai, D.T. Hawkins, M. Gleiser, K.K. Kelley and D.D. Wagman, “Selected Values of Thermodynamic Properties of the Elements”, Amer. Soc. for Metals, Metals Park, Ohio (1973)
R. Hultgren, P.D. Desai, D.T. Hawkins, M. Gleiser and K.K. Kelley,,,Selected Values of the Thermodynamic Properties of Binary Alloys“, Amer. Soc. for Metals, Metals Park, Ohio (1973)
F.E. Wittig and G. Keil, Z. Metallkde., 54, (1963) 576
O. Alpaut and Th. Heumann, Acta Met Vol. 13, 543–8 (1965)
B. Predel,“Thermodynamik und Aufbau von Legierungen - einige neuere Aspekte” Vortrag 232, Rheinisch-Westfälische Akademie der Wissenschaften, Westdeutscher Verlag (1972)
B. Predel, „Experimentelle Untersuchungen zur Thermodynamik der Legierungsbildung“, Forschungsbericht No 2558, Westdeutscher Verlag, Opladen (1976)
F. Sommer Journal of Non-Crystalline Solids, 117, 118 (1990) 505–512
F. Sommer, Z. Metallkde 73 (1982) 77
F. Sommer, Z. Metallkde 73 (1982) 72
H.-G. Krull, R.N. Singh and E Sommer, Z. Metallkde 91 (2000) 356
E Sommer, M. Keita, H.-G. Krull and B. Predel, J. Less Common Metals 137 (1988) 267
E Sommer and H.-G. Krull, Z. Metallkde 83 (1992) 533
E Sommer, Ber. Bunsenges. Phys. Chem. 87 (1983) 749
K. Nagarajan and E Sommer, J. Less-Common Met. 146 (1989) 89
T.B. Massalski, H. Okamoto, P.R. Subramian and L. Kacprzak: “Binary alloy phase diagrams” 2nd Ed., ASM, Materials Park, Ohio
R. Blachnik and B Gather, Z. Metallkde 74 (1983) 172
B. Predel and G. Oehme, Z. Metallkde 70 (1979) 450
M. Hoch, and I. Arpshofen, Z.Metallkde 75 (1984) 23
M. Hoch, Calphad 11 (1987) 219
E.A. Guggenheim, Mixtures, Clarendon Press, Oxford (1952)
L. Pauling, The Nature of the Chemical Bond, Third Edition, Cornell University Press, Ithaca, New York (1960)
C. Wagner, Thermodynamic of Alloys, Addison-Wesley Publishing Co., Reading MA (1952)
W. Kauzmann, Chem. Rev., 43 (1948) 219
M. Hoch, High Temperatures-High Pressures 24 (1992) 87
M. Hoch, Met. Trans. 23B (1993) 309
M. Hoch, Z. Metallkde 83 (1992) 820
M. Hoch, AiChE Symposium Series, 73 (170), pp. 36–8 (1977); W. R. Schmeal, Ed.
J.-E Babelot and M. Hoch, High Temperature - High Pressures. 21, 79 (1989) 79
S. Hassam, M. Gaune-Escard, J.P. Bros and M. Hoch, Met. Trans., 19A (1988) 2075
W. Ptak, Z. Moser and W. Zakulski, Archives of Metallurgy 33, (1988) 331–354
M. Hoch and Z. Moser, Archives of Metallurgy 37 (1992) 283–296
M. Gambino, J.P. Bros and M.Hoch, Thermochimica Acta, 314 (1998) 247–254
M. Hoch, J. of Alloys and Compounds 220, (1995) 27–31
V.N. Lozovskiy and N.F. Politova, Russ Met. 3 (1977) 28
O. Kubaschewski, C.B. Alcock and P.J. Spencer, Materials Thermochemistry, Sixth Edition, Pergamon Press, NY, 1992
M. Hoch,J. of Phase Equilibria 14 (1993) 296–302
F.E. Rosztoczy and D. Cubicciotti, J. Phys. Chem., 69 (1965) 1687
M. Hoch, J. of Phase Equilibria 14 (1993) 710–17
E.M. Levin, C.R. Robbins and H.F. McMurdie, Phase Diagrams for Ceramists, Vol. I, American Ceramic Society, Columbus Ohio, 1964
M. Hoch, CALPHAD 18 (1994) 409–428
M. Hoch, CALPHAD 20 (1996) 363–377
K.S. Pitzer and L. Brewer, revised edition of “Thermodynamics” by G.N. Lewis and M. Randall, McGraw Hill (1961)
R.A. Robinson and R.H. Stokes, Electrolyte Solutions, 2nd ed. revised Butterworth Scientific Publications, London, 1968
H.S. Harned and B.B. Owen, The Physical Chemistry of Electrolyte Solutions, ACS, Reinhold, New York, 1958
W.F. Linke, Solubilities, Inorganic and Metal-Organic Compounds, 4th ed., Am. Chem. Soc. Washington DC. (1965)
M. Hansen and K. Anderko, “Constitution of Binary Alloys”, McGraw-Hill Book Comp., New York (1958)
T. Heumann, Z. Elektrochemie, 57, (1953) 724
B. Predel, Z. Metallkde., 56, (1965) 791
H. Moser, Zeitschrift Physik, 37, (1936) 737
F. Kohler, Monatshefte Chem., 91, (1960) 738
G.W. Toop, Trans. AIME, 233, (1965) 850
E. Bonnier and R. Caboz, C. R. Acad. Sci., 250, (1960) 527
P.J. Spencer, F.H. Hayes and O. Kubaschewski, Rev. Chim. Minerale, 9, (1972) 13
R. Lick, U. Gerling and B. Predel, Z. Metallkde 77 (1985) 442–448
Y.N. Muggianu, M. Gambino and J.P. Bros, J. Chim. Phys. 72 (1975) 83.
L. Kaufman and H. Bernstein, “Computer Calculations of Phase Diagrams”, Academic Press, New York (1970)
I. Ansara, P. Desré and E. Bonnier, C. R. Acad. Sci., 270, (1970) 1098
I. Ansara, Proceedings of a Symposium held at Brunel University and the National Physical Laboratory, 1971, National Physical Laboratory, London, Her Majesty’s Stationery Office (1972)
B. Predel and J. Piel, Z. Metallkde 66 (1975) 33
General References
B.L. Averbach, “Solid Solution Formation”, in “Energetics in Metallurgical Phenomena”, Vol. II, Editor: W. M. Mueller, Gordon and Breach Science Publishers, New York (1965)
L.S. Darken, J. Amer. Chem. Soc., 72, (1950) 2909
P. Dörner, L.J. Gaukler, H. Krieg, H.L. Lukas, G. Petzow and J. Weiss, Calphad 3, (1979) 241
J.D. Fast, “Entropie”, Philips Technische Bibliothek, Eindhoven (1960)
R. Haase, “Thermodynamik der Mischphasen“, Springer-Verlag, Berlin (1956)
R. Haase und R. Schönert, “Solid-Liquid Equilibrium”, in: “The International Encyclopedia of Physical Chemistry and Chemical Physics”, Topic 13, Mixtures, Solutions, Chemical and Phase Equilibria, Vol. I, Editor: M. L. McGloshan, Pergamon Press, Oxford (1969)
J. Lumsden. Lumsden,“Thermochemics of Molten Salt Mixtures”, Academic Press, London (1960)
J. Nyvlt, “Solid-Liquid Phase Equilibria”, Elsevier Scientific Publishing Comp., Amsterdam ( 1977 ) Fifth Edition, Pergamon Press, London (1979)
B. Predel, Z. Metallkde., 49, (1958) 226
A. Prince, “Alloy Phase Equilibria”, Elsevier Publishing Comp., Amsterdam (1966)
H. Schmalzried and A. Navrotsky, “Festkörperthermodynamik”, Verlag Chemie, Weinheim (1975)
W. Schottky, “Thermodynamik”, Springer-Verlag, Berlin (1973)
R.A. Swalin, “Thermodynamics of Solids”, J. Wiley and Sons, New York (1972)
C. Wagner, “Thermodynamics of Alloys”, Addison-Wesley, London (1952)
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2004 Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
Predel, B., Hoch, M., Pool, M. (2004). Thermodynamics. In: Phase Diagrams and Heterogeneous Equilibria. Engineering Materials and Processes. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-09276-7_6
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-09276-7_6
Publisher Name: Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg
Print ISBN: 978-3-642-05727-4
Online ISBN: 978-3-662-09276-7
eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive