Abstract
Steroid hormones regulate a number of developmental and physiological processes in vertebrates by controlling the transcriptional activity of specific genes (Beato 1989, Tsai and O’Mally 1994). The ability of target cells to respond is attributed to the presence of specific receptors which mediate the action of the hormone within the cell. The receptors are localized within the nucleus in association with other proteins, which in absence of the hormone keep the receptor in an inactive state. After binding of the hormone, the hormone—receptor complex, as a dimer, binds to specific DNA sequences. The various functions of the receptor — DNA binding, ligand binding, transcriptional activation — have been assigned to separate domains of the receptor. The unliganded receptor is maintained in a nonfunctional form by oligomerization with other proteins, among which hsp 90 is best characterized. This interaction is mediated by the ligand-binding domain. Upon binding of the hormone the receptor attains the property of specifically binding to its recognition sequence. The C-domain which is responsible for specific DNA recognition consists of two zinc fingers and is most highly conserved. Two activating functions in the amino terminal and carboxy terminal part of the protein mediate the effect of the receptor on transcription.
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© 1995 Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg
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Schmid, W., Cole, T., Blendy, J., Montoliu, L., Schütz, G. (1995). Analysis of Genetically Altered Mice Without Glucocorticoid Receptor. In: Baird, D.T., Schütz, G., Krattenmacher, R. (eds) Organ-Selective Actions of Steroid Hormones. Ernst Schering Research Foundation Workshop, vol 16. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-09153-1_3
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-09153-1_3
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