Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

Cluster Emission in Complex Nuclear Reactions

  • Chapter
Nonequilibrium Physics at Short Time Scales

  • 397 Accesses

Abstract

Possible mechanisms of the emission of nuclear clusters in heavy-ion induced nuclear reactions are discussed in the context of the overall dissipative reaction environment. Essentials of model approaches to the reaction dynamics are briefly reviewed. Analysis of the overall reaction dynamics provides an estimate of time scales for cluster emission and the buildup or preexistence of nucleonic correlations. Experimental results demonstrate the presence of at least two different mechanisms of cluster emission. Energetic nuclear clusters are likely emitted during early stages of a nuclear reaction, containing memory of entrance-channel conditions. In addition, sequential, statistical cluster emission is observed from the hot remnants of projectile and target nuclei. The difficulty encountered previously by statistical models to describe statistical emission of massive clusters from excited nuclei is resolved in the framework of a simple interacting Fermi-gas model of expanded nuclear matter. It is suggested that sequential cluster emission is entropy-driven and can be understood in terms of a rearrangement of the surface of hot nuclei produced in energetic nuclear reactions.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Log in via an institution
Chapter
USD 29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD 129.00
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD 169.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info
Hardcover Book
USD 169.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Durable hardcover edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

Preview

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

References

  1. J. Schmelzer, G. Röpke, and R. Malinke, in Aggregation Phenomena in Complex Systems ( Wiley-VCH, Weinheim, 1999 ), p. 263.

    MATH  Google Scholar 

  2. B. Borderie, J. Phys. G: Nucl. Part. Phys. 28, R217 (2002).

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  3. W.U. Schröder and J. Huizenga, in Treatise on Heavy-Ion Science (Plenum Press, New York and London, 1984), Vol. 2.

    Google Scholar 

  4. B. Djerroud et al.,Phys. Rev. C64 034603 (2001).

    Google Scholar 

  5. J. Wilczynski, Phys. Lett. 47B, 484 (1973).

    Google Scholar 

  6. R. Dayras, Z.E. Switkowski, and S. Woosley, Nucl. Phys. A279, 70 (1977).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  7. M.F. Rivet et al. (INDRA), Phys. Lett. B388, 219 (1996).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  8. M. Robel, Ph.D. Thesis, Lawrence Berkeley Lab. preprint LBL-8181, (1979).

    Google Scholar 

  9. J. Randrup and R. Vandenbosch, Nucl. Phys. A474, 219 (1987).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  10. J. Bondorf and others, Nucl. Phys. A333, 285 (1980).

    Google Scholar 

  11. J. Randrup, Nucl. Phys. A259, 253 (1976).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  12. J. R.andrup, Nucl. Phys. A307, 319 (1978).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  13. J. Randrup, Nucl. Phys. A327, 490 (1979).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  14. J. Randrup, Nucl. Phys. A383, 468 (1982).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  15. J. Randrup and B. Remaud, Nucl. Phys. A514, 339 (1990).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  16. W.U. Schröder et al.,in Nuclear Fission and Heavy-Ion-Induced Reactions (Harwood, Nucl. Sci. Res. Conf. Ser., ADDRESS, 1987), Vol. 11, p. 255.

    Google Scholar 

  17. J. Blocki et al.,Ann. Phys. (N.Y.) 113 330 (1978).

    Google Scholar 

  18. Z. Sosin, Eur. Phys. J. All, 311 (2001).

    Google Scholar 

  19. G. Bertsch and S. DasGupta, Phys. Rep. 160, 189 (1988).

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  20. W. Bauer, Prog. Part. Nucl. Phys. 30, 45 (1991).

    Google Scholar 

  21. R. Balescu, in Statistical Dynamics, Matter out of Equilibrium (Imperial College Press, Univ. Libre de Bruxelles, 2000 ).

    Google Scholar 

  22. W. Bauer and G. Bertsch, Phys. Rev. Lett. 58, 863 (1987).

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  23. S. Ayik and C. Gregoire, Phys. Lett. 212B, 269 (1988).

    Google Scholar 

  24. P. Chomaz, G.F. Burgio, and J. Randrup, Phys. Lett. 254B, 340 (1991).

    Google Scholar 

  25. P. Chomaz et al.,Phys. Rev. Lett. 73 3512 (1994).

    Google Scholar 

  26. M. Colonna and P. Chomaz, Phys. Rev. C49, 1908 (1994).

    ADS  Google Scholar 

  27. M. Colonna et al.,Nucl. Phys. A642 449 (1998).

    Google Scholar 

  28. S. Chattopadhyay, Phys. Rev. C53, R1065 (1996).

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  29. V. Spicka, P. Lipaysky, and K. Morawetz, Phys. Rev. B55, 5084 (1997).

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  30. V. Spicka, P. Lipaysky, and K. Morawetz, Phys. Lett. 240A, 160 (1998).

    Article  MathSciNet  MATH  Google Scholar 

  31. G. Kortemeyer, F. Daffin, and W. Bauer, Phys. Lett. 374B, 25 (1996).

    Google Scholar 

  32. P. Danielewicz, in Proc. Int. Workshop Gross Properties Nuclei and Nucl. Excit. XXVII ( GSI, Darmstadt, 1999 ), Vol. 27, p. 263.

    Google Scholar 

  33. B. Li, C. Ko, and W. Bauer, Int. Jour. Mod. Phys. 7, 147 (1998).

    ADS  Google Scholar 

  34. K. Morawetz and P. Lipayski, Phys. Rev. C63, 61602 (2001).

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  35. J. Töke and W. Schröder, Phys. Rev. C in press (2002).

    Google Scholar 

  36. B. Li, private communication (2002).

    Google Scholar 

  37. G. Beauvais, D. Boal, and C. Wong, Phys. Rev. C35, 545 (1987).

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  38. J. Aichelin, Phys. Rep. 202, 233 (1991).

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  39. G. Peilert et al.,Phys. Rev. C46 1992 (1992).

    Google Scholar 

  40. C. Hartnack et al.,Eur. Phys. J. Al 151 (1998).

    Google Scholar 

  41. J. Lukasik, Ph.D. Thesis, Jagellonian University Cracow (1993).

    Google Scholar 

  42. O. Tursunov and O. Zhirov, Phys. Lett. 222, 110 (1989).

    Google Scholar 

  43. J. Aichelin, Univ. de Nantes, Ecole d. Mines, theory group website (2000).

    Google Scholar 

  44. A. Ono, H. Horiuchi, T. Maruyama, and A. Ohnishi, Prog. Theor. Phys. 87, 1185 (1992).

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  45. H. Feldmeier, Nucl. Phys. A586, 493 (1995).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  46. D. Gross, Prog. Part. Nucl. Phys. 30, 155, and references cited (1993).

    Google Scholar 

  47. J. Bondorf et al., Phys. Rep. 257, 113 (1995).

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  48. L. Moretto and G. Wozniak, Annu. Rev. Nucl. Part. Sci. 43, 379 (1993), and references therein.

    Google Scholar 

  49. L. Moretto, J. Elliott, L. Phair, and G. Wozniak, Phys. Rev. C66, 41601R (2002).

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  50. S. Albergo, S. Costa, E. Constanzo, and A. Rubbino, Nuovo Cimento 89, 1 (1985).

    ADS  Google Scholar 

  51. J. Pochadzalla et al., Phys. Rev. 75, 1040 (1975).

    Google Scholar 

  52. D. Gross, Rep. Prog. Phys. 53, 605 (1990).

    Google Scholar 

  53. M. Kleine-Berkenbusch et al., Phys. Rev. Lett. 88, 22701 (2002).

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  54. J.B. Elliot et al., Phys. Rev. Lett. 88, 42701 (2002).

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  55. M.E. Fisher, Physics 3, 255 (1967).

    Google Scholar 

  56. W.A. Friedman, Phys. Rev. Lett. 60, 2125 (1988).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  57. W.A. Friedman, Phys. Rev. C42, 667 (1990).

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  58. J. Töke, Nucl. Phys. A681, 374c (2001).

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  59. B. Li and W.U. Schröder, in Isospin Physics in Heavy-Ion Reactions at Intermediate Energies ( Nova Science Publishers, New York, 2001 ).

    Google Scholar 

  60. J. Töke, J. Lu, and W. Schröder, Phys. Rev. In press, (2003).

    Google Scholar 

  61. W.U. Schröder, Report DOE/ER/ 79048–1, (1995).

    Google Scholar 

  62. D. Stracener et al., Nucl. Instr. Meth. A294, 485 (1990).

    Google Scholar 

  63. W. Skulski, J. Töke, and W. Schröder, Phys. Rev. C59, R2130 (1999).

    Google Scholar 

  64. R. Planeta et al., Eur. Phys. J. All, 297 (2001).

    Google Scholar 

  65. M. Agostino et al., Phys. Lett. B473, 219 (2000).

    Google Scholar 

  66. R. Nebauer, A. Guertin, R. Puri, Ch. Hartnack, P.B. Gossiaux, and J. Aichelin, Proc. Int. Worksh. Gross Properties Nuclei and Nucl. Excit. XXVII, 263 (1999).

    Google Scholar 

  67. R. Nebauer and J. Aichelin, Nucl. Phys. A681, 353c (2001).

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  68. C. Dorso and J. Randrup, Phys. Lett. 215B, 611 (1988).

    Google Scholar 

  69. C. Dorso and J. Randrup, Phys. Lett. 232B, 29 (1980).

    Google Scholar 

  70. T. Dossing et al.,Nucl. Phys. A327, 490 (1979); ibid. A433, 280 (1985).

    Google Scholar 

Download references

Authors
  1. W. Udo Schröder
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. Jan Tõke
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

  1. Institut für Physik, Technische Universität Chemnitz, Reichenhainer Str. 70, 09107, Chemnitz, Germany

    Klaus Morawetz

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 2004 Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg

About this chapter

Cite this chapter

Schröder, W.U., Tõke, J. (2004). Cluster Emission in Complex Nuclear Reactions. In: Morawetz, K. (eds) Nonequilibrium Physics at Short Time Scales. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-08990-3_22

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-08990-3_22

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg

  • Print ISBN: 978-3-642-05745-8

  • Online ISBN: 978-3-662-08990-3

  • eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive

Publish with us

Policies and ethics

Search

Navigation