Abstract
Positron annihilation spectroscopy (PAS) was established in the early 70’s as a laboratory method with high sensitivity to measure and distinguish between thermally generated single and divacancies in pure metals. From there, PAS has been developed to investigate many kinds of open volume defects in metals, semiconductors, ceramics, and polymers. Recently it has been demonstrated that PAS is able to analyze layered structures up to approximately 2 µm nondestructively, and even determine chemical properties of the outmost surfacelayer, undetectable by any other spectroscopic method. Unlike many other methods of material analysis, internal stresses or textures do not effect positron spectroscopy.
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Dlubek, G., Meyendorf, N. (2004). Positron Annihilation Spectroscopy (PAS). In: Meyendorf, N.G.H., Nagy, P.B., Rokhlin, S.I. (eds) Nondestructive Materials Characterization. Springer Series in Materials Science, vol 67. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-08988-0_14
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-08988-0_14
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