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Neuropsychologie von tiefgreifenden Entwicklungsstörungen

  • Chapter
Neuropsychologie psychischer Störungen

Zusammenfassung

Entwicklung lässt sich definieren »als Reihe von miteinander zusammenhängenden Veränderungen, die bestimmten Orten des zeitlichen Kontinuums eines individuellen Lebenslaufes zuzuordnen sind« (Thomae 1959, S. 10). Diese Definition enthält allerdings noch nicht die den Entwicklungsprozessen innewohnende Zielorientierung, wobei die Wirkung und Wechselwirkung biologischer, historisch-gesellschaftlicher und kultureller Einflusssysteme auf die menschliche Entwicklung von Bedeutung sind (Baltes 1990; Staudinger u. Baltes 2000). In diesem Sinne lässt sich Entwicklung insgesamt als ein »facettenreiches dynamisches System« (Staudinger u. Baltes 2000) auffassen, welches primär biologisch verankert ist, jedoch durch historisch-gesellschaftliche und kulturelle Systeme nachhaltig beeinflusst wird. Dieser breiten Auffassung von Entwicklung und Entwicklungsprozessen lässt sich eine stärker biologisch orientierte Auffassung von Entwicklung gegenüberstellen, die Prozesse wie Wachstum, Reifung und Lernen sowie deren Wechselwirkungen umfasst. Die diesen Prozessen zugrunde liegenden zentralnervösen Strukturen und Funktionen können über verschiedene methodische Ansätze objektiviert werden. Zu ihnen gehören neben den Methoden der Neuroanatomie und Neurophysiologie, der klinischen Neurologie und der Neurochemie auch diejenigen der bildgebenden Verfahren und der Neuropsychologie.

Die Verfasser danken Frau Dr. Kamp-Becker für die Hilfe bei den Literaturrecherchen und der Anfertigung der Tabellen

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Authors
  1. Helmut Remschmidt
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  2. Gerd Schulte-Körne
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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Physiologische Psychologie, Otto-Friedrich-Universität Bamberg, Markusplatz 3, 96045, Bamberg, Deutschland

    Stefan Lautenbacher

  2. Institut für Psychologie, Klinische Psychologie, Technischen Universität Chemnitz, Wilhelm-Raabe-Str. 43, 09120, Chemnitz, Deutschland

    Siegfried Gauggel

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Remschmidt, H., Schulte-Körne, G. (2004). Neuropsychologie von tiefgreifenden Entwicklungsstörungen. In: Lautenbacher, S., Gauggel, S. (eds) Neuropsychologie psychischer Störungen. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-08959-0_17

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