Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

Serum factors which alter cell membranes

  • Conference paper
Lipid metabolism in the normoxic and ischaemic heart

  • 60 Accesses

Summary

Mammalian cell membranes are much more sensitive to changes in serum ion concentrations than they are to serum cholesterol. Because of this, arterial cells function normally only in a very narrow range of serum ion concentrations. Unfortunately, new introductions into the food supply have been made in the diet since 1920 which may perturb the delicate relationships between arterial cell membranes and the blood serum to which they are exposed. For example, powerful surface active agents are used to emulsify fats in a host of popular food items. None of them have been adequately tested for their possible role in changing phospholipid head group composition of arterial or myocardial cell membranes. Ocean salt has been replaced by refined table salt removing a rich source of magnesium from the diet of Northern Europeans and Americans. Excessive amounts of Vitamin D, which may calcify soft tissue, have been added to the diet as a means of preventing a disease that does not develop in babies exposed to sunshine. The introduction of hydrogenated vegetable oil to the diet has helped to stimulate per capita fat consumption to almost twice the level of 1920. How the introduction of such technology has changed arterial cell membrane structure or function has not been considered. It is now possible to consider the influence of this technology on the food supply by the application of modern genetic engineering methods. The application of this type of methodology in the study of cholesterol metabolism and its role in atherosclerosis may help to find means of preventing heart disease and strokes.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Log in via an institution
Chapter
USD 29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD 39.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as EPUB and PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD 54.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

Preview

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

References

  1. Aherns EH Jr (1969) Report of the heart review panel. Mass field trials of the diet question; American Heart Association, New York, Monogr No, 28: 1–51

    Google Scholar 

  2. Altschul AM, Grommet JK (1962) Sodium intake and sodium sensitivity. Nutr Rev 38: 393–402 2b.Babka B ( 1982 ) PhD Thesis, University of Illinois, Urbana, IL (unpublished)

    Google Scholar 

  3. Blackburn H (1980) Risk factirs and cardiovascular disease. In: Dutton EP (ed) The American Heart Association Heartbook. New York, pp 2–20

    Google Scholar 

  4. Bower JR, Trumpower BL (1981) Chemiosmotic Proton Circuits in Biological Membranes; Addison-Wesley, Massachusetts, pp I05–122

    Google Scholar 

  5. Brown MS, Goldstein JL (1984) How LBC receptor influences cholesterol and atherosclerosis. Sci Am 251: 58–66

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  6. Cox RH, Tulenko T, Santamore WP (1984) Effects of chronic cigarette smoking on canine arteries. Am J Physiol 246: H97 — H103

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  7. Crofts AR (1985) In: Martonosi A (ed) The Enzymes of Biological Membranes. Plenum Pub., Co., New York, Vol 4, pp 347–382

    Google Scholar 

  8. DeLos Rios MG (1961) Serum magnesium and serum cholesterol changes in man. Am J Clin Nutr 9: 259–278

    Google Scholar 

  9. Donohue TJ, Cain BD, Kaplan S (1982) Alterations in the phospholipid composition of Rhodopseudomonas sphaeroides and other bacteria induced by Tris J Bacteriol 512: 595–606

    Google Scholar 

  10. Angstrom AM, Tobelmann RC (1983) Nutritional consequences of reducing sodium intake. Ann Int Med 98 (Part 2): 870–872

    Google Scholar 

  11. Gabellini N, Hauska G (1983) FEBS Lett 153: 146–150

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  12. Glavand J, Hartmann S (1951) The occurrence of peroxized lipids in atheromatous human aortas. Experientia 7: 464

    Article  Google Scholar 

  13. Hathaway M (1962) Magnesium in human nutrition. Home Econ Res Report # 19. Agr Res Ser USDA Washington, DC

    Google Scholar 

  14. Holmes RP, Kummerow FA (1983) The relationship of adequate and excessive intake of Vitamin D to health and disease. J Amer Col Nutr 2: 173–199

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  15. Holmes RP, Kummerow FA (1985) The effect of dietary lipids on the composition and properties of biological membranes. In: Benga GH (ed) Structures and Properties of Cell Membranes. CRC Press, Boca Raton-Florida

    Google Scholar 

  16. Holmes RP, Kummerow FA (1985) Membrane perturbations in atherosclerosis. In: Aloia RC, Boggs JM (eds) Membrane Fluidity in Biology; Academic Press, New York, pp 281–305

    Google Scholar 

  17. Holmes RP, Yoss NL (1984) 25-Hydroxylsterols increase the permeability of liposomes to Cat+ and other cations. Biochim Biophys Acta 770: 15–21

    Google Scholar 

  18. Imai H, Werthessen NT, Subramanyam V, LeQuestne PW, Soloway AL, Kanisawa M (1976) Angiotoxicity of oxygenated sterols and possible precursors. Science 207: 651–653

    Article  Google Scholar 

  19. Johannsson A, Keightley CA, Smith GA, Richards CD, Hesketh TR, Metcalfe JC (1981) The effect of bilayer thickness and n-alkanes on the activity of the (Ca2+ + Mg2+)-dependent AT Pase of sarcoplasmic reticulum. J Biol Chem 256 (4): 1643–1650

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  20. Jackson RL, Gotto AM (1976) Hypothesis concerning membrane structure, cholesterol, and atherosclerosis. In: Paoletti R, Gotto AM Jr (eds) Atherosclerosis Reviews 1; Raven Press, New York

    Google Scholar 

  21. Jacobus WE (1983) Control of heart oxidative phosphorlyation by creatine kinase in mitochondria] membranes. In: Kummerow, FA (ed) Biomembranes and cell function; The New York Academy of Sciences, New York, pp 73–89

    Google Scholar 

  22. Jain SK (1981) The accumulation of malonadialdehyde, a product of fatty acid peroxidation can disturb aminophospholipid organization in the membrane bilayer of human erythrocytes. J Biol Chem 259: 3391–3394

    Google Scholar 

  23. Kaplan S, Arntzen CJ (1982) Photosynthetic membrane structure and function. In: Govindjee (ed) Photosynthesis: Energy Conversion by Plants and Bacteria. Academic Press, New York, pp 65–152

    Google Scholar 

  24. Levy RI, Rifkind BM, Dennis BH, Ernst N (1979) Nutrition, Lipids, and Coronary Heart Disease. Raven Press, New York, pp 516–518

    Google Scholar 

  25. Levy RI (1981) Cholesterol, lipoproteins, apoproteins, and heart disease: present status and future prospects. Clin Chem 27: 653–662

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  26. Papahadjopoulos D (1974) Cholesterol and cell membrane function: A hypothesis concerning the etiology of atherosclerosis. J Theor Biol 43: 329–337

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  27. Ross R, Glomset JA (1976) The pathogenesis of atherosclerosis. New Engl J Med 295: 420–425

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  28. Ross R, Harker L (1976) Hyperlipidemia and atherosclerosis. Science 193: 1094–1100

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  29. See DS (1960) Solar salt. In: Kaufmann D (ed) Production and Properties of Sodium Chloride. Reinhold, New York, pp 96–107

    Google Scholar 

  30. Seelig MS (ed) (1980) Magnesium Deficiency in the Pathogenesis of Disease. Plenum, New York

    Google Scholar 

  31. Serhan C, Anderson P, Goodman E, Dunham P, Weissmann G (1981) Phosphatidate and oxidized fatty acids are calcium ionophores. J Biol Chem 256: 2736–2741

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  32. Smith EB, Ashall C (1983) Low-density lipoprotein concentration in interstitial fluid from human atherosclerosic lesions. Biochim Biophys Acta 754: 249–257

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  33. Smith T, Toda T, Kummerow FA (1985) Plasma lipid peroxidation in hyperlipidemic chickens. Atherosclerosis 57: 119–122

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  34. Toda T, Leszczynski DE, Kummerow Fa (1982) Angiotoxic effects of dietary 7-ketocholesterol in chick aorta. Arter Wall 7: 167–176

    Google Scholar 

  35. Toda T, Toda Y, Kummerow FA (1985) Coronary arterial lesions in piglets from sows fed moderate excesses of Vitamin D. J Exp Med 145: 303–310

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  36. Tokuyasu K, Imai H, Taura S, Cho S, Kummerow Fa (1980) Aortic lesions in nonlaying hens with endogenous hyperlipidemia. Arch Pathol Lab Med 104: 41–45

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  37. Vincent M, Gallay J (1984) Time-resolved fluorescence anisotropy study of effect of a cis double bond on structure of lecithin and cholesterol-lecithin bilayers using n-(9-anthroyloxy) fatty acids as probes. Biochemistry 23: 6514–6522

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  38. Vitale JJ, White PH, Nakamura M, Hegstedt DM, Zamchkeck N, Hellerstein EE (1957) Interrelationships between experimental hypercholesterolemia magnesium requirement and experimental atherosclerosis. J Exp Med 106: 757–766

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  39. Wilson RB (1976) Lipid peroxidation and atherosclerosis. Crit Rev Food Sci 7: 325–338

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Burnsides Research Laboratory, University of Illinois, Urbana, Illinois, 61801, USA

    Fred A. Kummerow

Authors
  1. Fred A. Kummerow
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Editor information

H. Stam G. J. van der Vusse

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 1987 Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg

About this paper

Cite this paper

Kummerow, F.A. (1987). Serum factors which alter cell membranes. In: Stam, H., van der Vusse, G.J. (eds) Lipid metabolism in the normoxic and ischaemic heart. Steinkopff, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-08390-1_12

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-08390-1_12

  • Publisher Name: Steinkopff, Heidelberg

  • Print ISBN: 978-3-662-08392-5

  • Online ISBN: 978-3-662-08390-1

  • eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive

Publish with us

Policies and ethics

Search

Navigation