Abstract
Laser Doppler velocity measurements based on the reference beam technique are well known since the initial work by Yeh and Cummins (1964). Due to the specific signal generation of a reference beam arrangement, a location of the trajectory of the scattering particle inside the measurement volume is possible by applying at least two receivers. Two alternative solutions to this problem with a spatial resolution of about 10 gm over a length of the measurement volume of more than 6 mm are described and experimentally verified in velocity profile measurements.
The application of the phase Doppler principle to the reference beam technique allows simultaneous measurement of velocity, size and position of each particle inside the measurement volume. With this reference beam PDA, the correlation between velocity, size and position of the disperse phase in multiphase flows with high velocity gradients can be investigated without a relative displacement of the optical set-up. The paper presents the theory of the reference beam PDA and first results of simultaneous measurements of velocity and particle size profiles in boundary layers. According to the results of theoretical and experimental investigations, the reference beam PDA is especially suited for particle sizing in the diameter range below 3 gm, i. e. a size range in which traditional phase Doppler systems suffer from a poor diameter resolution, and allows in extension of conventional phase Doppler systems a general improvement of the spatial and diameter resolution of phase Doppler measurements.
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution.
Buying options
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Learn about institutional subscriptionsPreview
Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.
References
Albrecht, H.-E. (1986): Laser-Doppler-Strömungsmessung. Akademie-Verlag, Berlin
Albrecht, H.-E.; Borys, M.; Hübner, K (1993): Generalized theory for the simultaneous measurement of particle size and velocity using laser Doppler and laser two-focus methods. Part. Part. Syst. Charact. 10, pp. 138–145
Albrecht, H.-E.; Beck H.; Damaschke, N.; Feleke, M. (1995): Berechnung der Streuintensität eines beliebig im Laserstrahl positionierten Teilchens mit Hilfe der zweidimensionalen Fouriertransformation. Optik 100, S. 118–124
Bachalo, W D.; Houser, M. J. (1984): Phase-Doppler-spray analyzer for simultaneous measurements of drop size and velocity distributions. Opt. Engineering 23, pp. 583–590
Bauckhage, K.; Flügel, H-H. (1984): Correlation of simultaneously measured droplet sizes and velocities in nozzle sprays. Part. & Part. Syst. Charact. 1, pp. 112–116
Borys, M. (1996): Analyse des Amplituden-und Phasenverhaltens von Laser-Doppler-Signalen zur Größenbestimmung sphärischer Teilchen. Universität Rostock, Dissertation 1996, Zugl.: Shaker Verlag, Aachen 1996 Borys, M.; Strunck, V; Müller, H.; Dopheide D. (1998): Meßvolumeneffekte des Referenzstrahl-LDAs. In: Lasermethoden in der Strömungsmeßtechnik, 6. Fachtagung der Deutschen Gesellschaft für Laser-Anemometrie GALA, Essen, Verlag Shaker, Aachen, S. 38.1–38.6
Chalé-Góngora, H. G.; Brun, M. (1998): Application of two-component phase Doppler anemometry to the study of transient diesel spray impingement. Proc. 9th Int. Symp. on Applications of Laser Techniques to Fluid Mechanics, Lisbon, pp. 7.5.1–7.5.8
Compton, D. A.; Eaton J. K. (1996): A high-resolution laser Doppler anemometer for three-dimensional turbulent boundary layers. Exp. in Fluids 22, pp. 111–117
Desantes, J. M.; Arrégle, J.; Pastor, J. V.; Gonzalez, U. (1998): Diesel spray wall impingement characterisation by means of PDA and high speed visualisation. Poor. 9th Int. Symp. on Applications of Laser Techniques to Fluid Mechanics, Lisbon, pp. 7.6.1–7.6.8
Domnick, J.; Ertel, H.; Tropea, C. (1988): Processing of phase Doppler signals using cross spectral density function. In: Selected papers of the 4l Int. Symp. on Appl. of Laser Anemometry to Fluid Mechanics, Lisbon, Springer Verlag, Berlin, pp. 473–483
Dopheide, D.; Strunck, V.; Krey, E.-A. (1993): Three component laser Doppler anemometer for gas flowrate measurements up to 5500 m3/h. Metrologia 30, pp. 453–469
Drain, L. E. (1980): The laser Doppler technique. John Wiley & Sons, New York
Durst, F.; Kikura, H.; Lekakis, I.; Jovanovic, J.; Ye, Q. (1996): Wall shear stress determination from near-wall mean velocity data in turbulent pipe and channel flows. Exp. in Fluids 20, pp. 417–428
Gusmeroli, V.; Martinelli, M. (1991): Distributed laser Doppler velocimeter. Optics Letters 16, pp. 1358–1360
Ibrahim, K. M.; Wertheimer, G. D.; Bachalo, W D. (1991): Signal processing considerations for low signal to noise ratio laser Doppler and phase Doppler signals. Proc. 4th Int. Conf. on Laser Anemometry, Advances and Applications, Ohio, pp. 685–692
Karlson, R. I.; Eriksson, J.; Persson, J. (1992): LDV measurements in a plane wall jet in a large enclosure. Proc. 6th Int. Symp. on Appl. of Laser Techniques to Fluid Mechanics, Lisbon, pp. 1.5.1–1.5.6
Mazumder, M. K.; Wanchoo, S.; McLeod, P. C.; Ballard, G. S.; Mozumdar, S.; Caraballo, N. (1981): Skin friction drag measurements by LDV. Appl. Opt. 20, pp. 2832–2837
Saffman, M.; Buchhave, H.; Tanger, H. (1984): Simultaneous measurement of size, concentration and velocity of spherical particles by a laser Doppler anemometer method. Proc. 2nd Int. Symp. on Application of Laser Anemometry to Fluid Mechanics. Lisbon, pp. 8.1.1–8.1.6
Shinpaugh, K. A.; Simpson, R. L; Wicks, A. L; Ha, S. M.; Fleming, J. L (1992): Signal processing techniques for low signal-to-noise ratio Doppler velocimetry signals. Exp. in Fluids 12, pp. 319–328
Strunck, V.; Grosche, G.; Dopheide, D. (1993): New laser Doppler sensors for spatial velocity information. Proc. Int. Congress on Instrumentation in Aerospace Simulation Facilities ICIASF’93, French-German Research Institute (ISL) Saint-Louis France, IEEE-Publication 93CH3199–7, pp. 36.1–36.5
Strunck, V.; Grosche, G.; Dopheide, D. (1994): Scanning laser-Doppler probe for profile measurements. Proc. 7th Int. Symp. on Applications of Laser Techniques to Fluid Mechanics, Lisbon, pp. 17.1.1–17.1.5
Strunck, V.; Müller, H.; Dopheide, D. (1998): Traversionsfreie LDA-Grenzschichtmessungen mit Mikrometerauflösung im Meßvolumen. In: Lasermethoden in der Strömungsmeßtechnik, 6. Fachtagung der Deutschen Gesellschaft für Laser-Anemometrie GALA, Essen, Verlag Shaker, Aachen, S. 28.1–28.11
Taniere, A.; Boulet, P.; Oesterle, B. (1997): Analysis of laser Doppler anemometer measurements: Saltation effects in the behaviour of solid particles. Proc. 7th hit. Conf. Laser Anemometry Advances and Applications, Karlsruhe, pp. 737–744
Wei, T.; Willmarth, W. W (1989): Reynolds-number effects on the structure of a turbulent flow. J. Fluid Mech. 204, pp. 57–95
Wittig, S.; Elsäf3er, A.; Samenfink, W; Ebner1.; Dullenkopf K. (1996): Velocity profiles in shear-driven liquid films: LDV-measurements. 8th Int. Symp. on Applications of Laser Techniques to Fluid Mechanics, Lisbon, pp. 25.2.1–25.2.8
Yeh, Y.; Cummins, H. Z. (1964): Localized fluid flow measurements with a He-Ne laser spectrometer. Appl. Phys. Lett., Vol. 4, pp. 176–178
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2002 Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg
About this paper
Cite this paper
Borys, M., Strunck, V., Müller, H., Dopheide, D. (2002). Simultaneous measurement of velocity and particle size profiles with the reference beam technique. In: Laser Techniques for Fluid Mechanics. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-08263-8_15
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-08263-8_15
Publisher Name: Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg
Print ISBN: 978-3-642-07677-0
Online ISBN: 978-3-662-08263-8
eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive